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F*ck > Acid plants brah > Flashcards

Acid plants brah Flashcards

1
Q

Name acidic plant groups

A 
Insoluble calcium oxalates
Soluble calcium oxalates
Isocuprussic acids
Quinones
Tannic acids
Triterpene acids
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2
Q

What are the three families of insoluble calcium oxalates?

A

Arum family
Aralia family
Palm family

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3
Q

What are the major plants in the Arum family (Insoluble calcium oxalates)?

A 
Elephants ear
Jack in the pulpit
Caladium
Dumbcane
Devils Ivy
Philodendron
Peace/calla/arum lily
Arrowhead vine
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4
Q

What is the plant in the aralia family (insoluble calcium oxalates)?

A

Umbrella tree

has both soluble and insoluble oxalates

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5
Q

What is the plant in the palm family (insoluble calcium Oxalate) ?

A

Fishtail Palm

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6
Q

Why are insoluble calcium Oxalate plants so popular?

A

They are house/shade plants. Easy to keep indoors.

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7
Q

What part of the insoluble calcium Oxalate plant is toxic?

A

All of it

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8
Q

What is the mechanism of action for insoluble calcium Oxalate plants?

A

After the animal chews the plant, the plant cell releases needle shaped calcium Oxalate crystals that penetrate mucosal membranes causing inflammation and mechanical irritation of the GI (Not absorbed)

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9
Q

What causes the dumbcane plant to release histamines resulting in itching?

A

Proteolytic enzymes

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10
Q

What plant is considered an isocuprussic acid?

A

Ponderosa pine

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of action of ponderosa pine (isocuprussic acid)?

A

Needles cause vasoconstriction in the uterus leading to abortion in cattle.

Grows out west near Colorado

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12
Q

What is are two examples of quinones?

A

ST Johns Wort (only toxic hypercurium)and buckwheat

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13
Q

What is the mechanism of action on quinones (st johns wort/buckwheat)?

A

Primary photosensitization.

Causes erythema and pruritis, edema and necrosis of the skin leading to secondary bacterial infections

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14
Q

What are two tannic acid plants?

A

Oak tree and pride of Barbados

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15
Q

What is the mechanism of action of tannins (oak/prideofbar)?

A

The nitrogenous acid found in the plants precipitates proteins causing tissue damage.

Severe gastroenteritis and kidney damage

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16
Q

What part of the oak tree is toxic? Pride of Barbados?

A

All parts of the oak tree.

Dried seeds of the pride of Barbados.

17
Q

What is an example of a triterpene acid?

A

Lantana, yellow sage

18
Q

What is the most toxic part of lantana (triterpene acid)?

A

Berries! Esp when they are ripe

19
Q

What species is resistant to lantana (triterpene acid) toxicity?

A

Horses

20
Q

What is the mechanism of action of lantana (triterpene acid) ?

A

Secondary photosensitization.

Photosensitizing agent that is a metabolite of chlorophyll leading to liver damage and hepatic encephalopathy (look @ bile acids)

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