Acid-Base Disorders

Question 1

Lungs and kidneys manage

Answer 1

Lungs - CO2

Kidneys - HCO3…regenerates and reabsorbs

Question 2

Acidemia and alkalemia vs. dosis

Answer 2

Dosis is the process

Acid - 7.38
Alk - 7.42

Question 3

What has to be normal to say that it is normal

Answer 3

BOTH the pH and pCO2…pO2 does not matter but might help explain

Question 4

DIfferential

Answer 4

Both pH and CO2 high or low…then metabolic

If one is high and one low, then Respiratory

Question 5

Compensations

Answer 5

Respiratory compensation for metabolic is almost immediate

Metabolic compensation for respiratory begins acutely but takes 2-3 days

Exception is high altititude with chronic resp alkalosis

Question 6

Which 2 disorders CANNOT coexist

Answer 6

Respiratory acidosis and resp alkalosis

Question 7

Anion gap calculation

Answer 7

IF metabolic acidosis

AGAP = (Na)-(Cl+HCO3)

Normal is 10

Hypoalbuminemia causes contraction of normal range

Question 8

Metabolic acidosis with normal AGAP causes

Answer 8

Diarrhea or renal tubular aicdosis

Question 9

Metabolic alkalosis causes

Answer 9

Vomiting, diuretics

Initial mechanical ventilation of chronically hypercarbic patients

Question 10

Resp alkalosis causes

Answer 10

Pregnant, high altitude

Early hypoxemic resp failure

Hyperventilation, salicylate overdose, sepsis

Question 11

Resp acidosis causes

Answer 11

Disorders of resp appratus (anything involvedi nbreathing mech)

Drugs, narcotics, brainstem damage