Acid Base - AG - CIS - McCormick

Question 1

Is compensation for acid base problems ever complete?

Answer 1

Nope.

Question 2

Causes of metabolic acidosis? Normochloremic

Answer 2

Diarrhea
Renal tubular dysfunction
Carbonic anhydrase
Addison’s

Question 3

Causes of metabolic alkalosis?

Answer 3

Vomiting
Hypokalemia
Diuretic abuse
Contraction alkalosis
Loop diuretics
Primary hyperaldosteronism
Chronic K loss

Question 4

Causes respiratory acidosis?

Answer 4

Hypoventilation
COPD
Restrictive lung disease

Question 5

How can you tell if an acid-base imbalance is acute or chronic?

Answer 5

Acute - pH will not be normalized

Question 6

What causes numbness and tingling in hands in acid-base imbalance?

Answer 6

Decreased free or ionized plasma calcium due to alkalemia

H competes with Ca2 for binding sites

Question 7

Acidemia’s result on free plasma Ca2

Answer 7

Increased

Question 8

Alkalemia’s result on free plasma Ca2?

Answer 8

Decreased

Question 9

Causes of acute respiratory alkalosis

Answer 9

Hyperventilation
anxiety
pregnancy
sepsis
salicylates
liver failure
CHF
Common in critically ill
--esp on mechanical vent

Question 10

What is common with massive MI?

Answer 10

Lowered tissue perfusion that allows for build up of waste products, especially lactate
Reduced pulmonary blood flow hampers ability to compensate for metabolic acidosis