Acetazolamide(Diamox sequels) Flashcards
Class
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; Anticonvulsant, diuretic
Mechanism of Action
Used for acute mountain sickness, also used for edema, chronic heart failure, glaucoma, and certain seizure disorders. Causes increased excretion of bicarbonate, sodium and potassium
Onset and Duration
Onset:
Tablets:1-2 hours. IV: 2-10 minutes
Duration:
Tablets: 24 hours IV: 4-5 hours
Indications
Acute mountain sickness, altitude sickness prophylaxis
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to acetazolamide or sulfa drugs, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, known metabolic acidosis, liver or renal disease, noncongestive angle-closure glaucoma
Adverse reactions
Tinnitus Nausea/vomiting Diarrhea Metabolic acidosis Various electrolyte imbalances
Drug interactions
May cause insoluble precipitate in urine when administered with methenamine, may increase toxicity from cisapride
How supplied
125 mg and 500 mg tablets
Dosage and administration- Adult and pediatric
2.5 mg/kg per dose up to 250 mg PO Q 12 hours
Special considerations
Pregnancy safety category C
Not recommended in acute mountain sickness prophylaxis In pediatrics except in certain high risk situations