AC2.3

Question 1

What is a financial penalty

Answer 1

fines, usually given for less serious offences, failure to pay may face prison

Question 2

What are the aims of financial penaties

Answer 2

• retribution
• deterrence

Question 3

How does financial penalties meet aim of retribution

Answer 3

taking money off somebody who took money off somebody else shows the offender getting their ‘just desserts’

Question 4

How does financial penalties meet aim of deterrence

Answer 4

a fine could make an offender reluctant to re-offend and is common way of punishing first time offenders so fines can be used as signal that worse punishments follow if re-offend

Question 5

What are the different types of imprisonment

Answer 5

• life sentences
• determinate sentences
• suspended sentences

Question 6

What is a determinate sentence

Answer 6

fixed length, usually not serve whole sentence in prison, some served out on license

Question 7

What is a life sentence

Answer 7

most serious form of punishment, on license for rest of life, usually found guilty of murder

Question 8

What is a suspended sentence

Answer 8

offender given prison sentence but not directly go to prison, court propose requirements, if commit crime in period will serve original sentence

Question 9

What aims does imprisonment serve

Answer 9

• retribution- takes away freedom and bad living conditions
• public protection- cant harm society
• reparation-prisoners permitted to work outside of prison can be made to pay some of earnings to victim support services

Question 10

Why does imprisonment not serve aim of deterrence

Answer 10

• high re-offending rates
• half of all adult prisoners reconvicted within year of being released

Question 11

Why does imprisonment not serve aim of rehabilitation

Answer 11

• 48% of prisoners re-offend within year of release
• only 1/4 of prisoners have a job to go to when released
• 6789 prisoners recalled to prison after breaching conditions of probation in 2019

Question 12

What is a community sentence

Answer 12

• sentence that is served in the community
  e.g. supervised by probation officer, 40-300 hours unpaid work, curfew, residency order

Question 13

What aims does community sentences meet

Answer 13

• retribution- all community sentences include element of punishment, offender suffer limits on freedom
• reparation- do unpaid work to repair damage caused to victims property
• rehabilitation- underlying causes of crime are addressed as training and treatments, only 34% re-offend within 12 months of starting com sen

Question 14

Why does community sentence not meet aim of public protection

Answer 14

the offender is not locked up so can still commit crime

Question 15

What are the 2 types of discharge

Answer 15

• conditional- offender not be punished unless commit another offence within set period of time
• unconditional- no penalty imposed, offender found guilty but punishment would be inappropriate

Question 16

What is a discharge and why are people given it

Answer 16

when court finds someone guilty of a minor offence but decides not to hand down a criminal conviction

Question 17

How does a discharge meet aim of deterrence

Answer 17

• lowest level of punishment and acts as a warning to individuals future conduct
• low rate of re-offending following discharge, especially if first time offence
• first time offender can find going to court enough to mend their ways