AC 3.1 - Explain The Role Of Agencies In Social Control (A01) Flashcards
Outline the polices role in social control
Police - Robert Peel
Philosophy and Values:
- Prevent crime
- Power of the police is based on public approval
- Physical Force is a last resort
Aims and Objectives:
- keep peace, maintain order
- protect life and property
- the PACE act of 1984 - administer an arrest upon reasonable grounds
Funding:
- 2018/19 police total budget was
£12 billion
- Commercial Tax
- 2/3 from Central Government
*police funding has fell by 19%
Working Practices:
- they use tablets for recording statements
- Social Media to alert local areas
Mention Specialist Police units
AO3: can the police maintain control?
+ - has adequate funding
+ - seen as a deterrent
x - less trust in police (especially female)
x - police are institutionally racist
Outline the CPS in maintaining social control
CPS
Philosophy and Values:
- Fairness
- honesty
Aims and Objectives:
- prosecute all serious cases
- created to avoid police bias
- requires evidence
Funding:
- comes from government
Estimated budget of Half a Billion
- recovers cost from fines issued
Working Practices:
14 regional area teams that prosecute locally, covers the whole country
- work closely with the police
AO3:
+ - Provides a fair trial
+ - Treats all with respect
x - can misuse evidence or ignore key elements
x - public interest can influence the decisions
Outline the role of the judiciary in maintaining social control
Philosophy and Values:
- Judges follow the guide to Judicial Conduct (2016)
- require intense training and assessment
Aims and Objectives:
- interpret and apply the law
- deal with appeals
- deal with serious offences
Funding:
- Judicial receive salaries
Around £110,000 a year
- salary depends on the client and public interest cases can lead to them earning millions
Working Practices:
- Judges require training
- can’t be removed from office, unless the king demands it
(Guarantees security)
AO3:
+ - Play a key role in the trial process
x - can be influenced by the media
Outline the role of HM Prisons in maintaining social control
Philosophy and Values:
- public protection and retribution when they were first introduced
However it has no changed to Rehabilitate
Aims and Objectives:
- Deterrence
- Retribution
- Public Protection
Funding:
Paid for by the government or privately
- in 2021, governments spent £5.4 billion
- the average cost of one prison is 11,500 a year
Working Practices:
The private prisons are run by many;
G4S being one
AO3:
+ - maintains social control by public protection
x - prison conditions can be poor
Outline the role of NPS in maintaining social control
Philosophy and Values:
- Reliable
- Honest
- Trustworthy
Aims and Objectives:
- protect the public
- rehabilitation
- can create connections to Prevention strategies such as AA
Funding:
- government funded
- Income Taxation
- Charity
Working Practices:
Around 250,000 offenders are on probation
- they develop trusting relationships and treat them with respect
AO3:
+ - aims to rehabilitate
+ - considers the offenders situation
x - right realists would say it’s too lenient
x - recidivism rates are high
Outline Charities and Pressure groups in achieving social control
The Prison Reform Trust
- established in 1981
Works to improve prison conditions and promote prisoners human rights
- Reduces unessacary Imprisonment
- promotes equality and human rights
- improved conditions for prisoners
Carries out research into prison life
Doesn’t receive any funding from government
The Howard League for Penal Reform
Philosophy and Values:
- promotes crime prevention and Penal treatment
Aims and Objectives:
- making communities safer
- fewer people in prison
Funding:
Voluntary donations and memberships
Working Practices:
Advocates for new approaches to prison to reduce unfairness
- run a free, confidential legal service
AO3:
+ - provides support for areas that are not considered by government
x - rely on donations so their impact varies
