ABX pt 1 Flashcards
exam 3
4 examples of drugs that weaken bacterial cell wall
penicillin, cephalosporins, carbapenems, beta lactamases
route for penicillin G
IV or IM
which 2 penicillin G’s are available as repository?
procaine + benzathine
what is a repository drug? (ex: types of penicillin G)
absorbed slowly over time to maintain level in body @ low dose
ex: IM injection given every 3 weeks
most concerning adverse effect for penicillin
ALLERGY
immediate (2-30 mins)
accelerated (up to 72 hours)
late (days-weeks)
penicillin has a cross sensitivity to what other drug class?
cephalosporins
cephalosporins have a cross sensitivity to what?
penicillin
tx for penicillin allergic rxn (severe)
epi, respiratory support, antihistamines
why might someone experience pain at injection site with penicillin G?
it’s a viscous drug and requires a large needle
when giving penicillin G via IM, _____ is very important. (how would you check to verify location)
+ WHY?
aspiration –> if intra-arterial, can cause necrosis/gangrene
re: penicillin and ensuring they work, what can we administer?
combo drug with a beta lactam inhibitor
what role does a beta lactam inhibitor drug play?
it protects the beta lactam ring of a penicillin from being broken down by bacterial enzymes
ex of beta lactam inhibitor
clavulanate, sulbactam, tazobactam
“CLA SUL TAZ”
what is the most widely used group of abx? with low toxicity?
cephalosporins
cephalosporins are classified by what? and explain this classification
generations 1—->5
as the generation increases, so does their activity against gram negative, anaerobes, ability to reach CSF
=get stronger and better!