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Pharm 4 > Abx - details > Flashcards

Abx - details Flashcards

1
Q

PBP Inhibitor (4)

A

1) Penicillins
2) Cephalosporins
3) Carbapenems
4) Aztreonam

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2
Q

MOA for Vancomycin

A

D-ala-D-ala pentapeptide inhibitor

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3
Q

MOA for Bacitracin

A

Blocks incorporation of amino acids and nucleic acids into cell wall

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4
Q

MOA for fosfomycin

A

Disrupts disaccharide building block

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5
Q

Adverse effects for Penicillins and Cephalosporins

A

hypersensitiviy - anaphylactic

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6
Q

Adverse effects for Carbapenems

A

GI discomfort

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7
Q

Adverse effects for Vancomycin

A

Flushing - Red man syndrome

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8
Q

Adverse effects for Bacitracin

A

Rare (used as topical)

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9
Q

Adverse effects for Fosfomycin

A

well tolearted

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10
Q

Adverse effects for Azetreonam

A

Rash

Itching

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11
Q

Which protein synthesis inhibitors bind 30s? (2)

A

aminoglycosides

tetracycline

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12
Q

Which protein synthesis inhibitors bind 50s (3)?

A

1) macrolide
2) clindamycin
3) cholramphenicol

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13
Q

MOA for aminoglycosides

A

Binds 30s

Blocks tRNA from binding (step 1)

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14
Q

MOA for macrolides

A

binds 50s

Disrupts translocation to P site (Step 4)

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15
Q

MOA for tetracyclines

A

binds 30s
blocks tRNA from binding
(same as aminoglycosides)

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16
Q

MOA for clindamycin

A

binds 50s

prevents tRNA from binding and prevents translocation to P site

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17
Q

MOA for chloraphemnicol

A

binds 50s

prevents peptide bond formation

18
Q

MOA for linezolid

A

*unique

prevents the very first step of protein synthesis

19
Q

Adverse effects for aminoglycosides

A

nephrotoxicity

ototoxicity

20
Q

Adverse effects for macrolides

A

GI - diarrhea

21
Q

Adverse effects for tetracycline

A

photosensitivity
nutrient interaction
disrupts normal flora

22
Q

Adverse effects for clindamycin

A

GI

Highly associated with C diff.

23
Q

Adverse effects for chloramphenicol

A

Blood - anemia

Gray baby syndrome (infants lack glucoronic acid for conjugation)

24
Q

Adverse effects for linezolid

A

myelosuppression

25
Q

Which protein synthesis inhibitor has narrow spectrum while the others have broad?

A

clindamycin

26
Q

1) structurally similar to PABA
2) prevents PABA from binding
3) inhibits DNA synthesis

A

Sulfonamides (similar to dapsone in antimycobacterial)

27
Q

inhibits dihydrofolate reductase

blocks purine synthesis

A

Trimethoprim

28
Q

MOA for fluoroquinones

A

DNA gyrase inhibitor

disrupts winding and unwinding of DNA

29
Q

Adverse effects of sulfonamides

A

skin - hypersensitivity, photosensitivity

Stevens-Johnson

30
Q

Adverse effects of trimethoprim

A

Blood and bone

31
Q

Adverse effects of fluoroquinonones (3)

A

GI
nutrient interactions
Cardio - QT prolongation

32
Q

Which two drugs have nutrient interactions?

A

Tetracycline

Fluoroquinonones

33
Q

MOA for metronidazole

A

prodrug that is activated by bacteria and releases ROS

34
Q

Adverse effects for metronidazole

A

GI

inhibits/disrupts proper elimination of alcohol –> disulfiram effect

35
Q

Metronidazole is only effective against which type of bacteria?

A

anaerobic

36
Q

Metronidazole is used to treat what type of infection?

A

mild to moderate C. diff

37
Q

MOA of Daptomycin

A

depolarization of membrane –> cell death

38
Q

MOA of polymyxin B

A

sticks to LPS and punches holes

39
Q

Polymyxin B is only effective against which type of bacteria?

A

Gram neg (LPS present)

40
Q

Adverse effects of Daptomycin

A

toxic to muscles

41
Q

Adverse effects of polymyxin B

A

rare (used as topical, often mixed with bacitracin)

Pharm 4 (10 decks)

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