ABP

Question 1

Mention what is and what is the Function of arterial blood pressure ?

Answer 1

lateral pressure exerted by blood on the walls of BVS
F
Opening of the vessel \
driving force of blood to tissue
2 filtration filtration of blood to tissue at capillaries
filtration at the kideny

Question 2

the blood pressure depend on ?

Answer 2

The Volume ?

NO Volume in relation to the diamtere ( compliance or distenability)

Question 3

when bp constant ?

Answer 3

if amount of blood entering = leaving

this is not the case!

Question 4

why bp is not constant in sys and dia

Answer 4

because only 1/3 of the blood of sv entering the vessel during systole leaves it to reach aretrioles

Question 5

what is the resulut of that the the enrty is not equal what is leaving

Answer 5

SP =120 mm Hg 90-140
DP=80 mm Hg 60-90
المقصود اختلاف ضغط الدم خلال دورة القلب اثناء الانقباض والانبساط
اثناء الانقباض ودخول الدم للشرايين يكون الدم في اعلي ضعط له يوصل لمتوسط 120 بينما اثناء الانبساط يكون الدم مش بيدخل للشرايين ويعتمد تحرك الدم علي elastic recoil فهو هنا هيعدي لبقية vessel اثناء راحة القلب

Question 6

MAP=

Answer 6

MAP=DP + 1/3PP=93 MM HG

90-100 NORMAL

Question 7

The MAP is regulated by

Answer 7

blood pressure reflexes neither systole nor diastole

Question 8

Why the arterial tree pressure is more or less the same ?

Answer 8

that is beacuse the small resistance in arterires compared to the arterioles and this lead to what ? leads to minimal or negligble amount of pressure lost so raidal art - unlar approximately

Question 9

pulse pressure

Answer 9

SD-DP =40 MEAN !

30-50 NORMAL

Question 10

Why is the pressure in femoral more than the brachial artey

Answer 10

it is because the effect of gravity !

increasing Bp below heart level than that of above it by 0.77 mm Hg for each 1cm

Question 11

GR/ the SP IN abdominal aorta is higher than the ascending ?

Answer 11

that is because as you go peripherally the elasticity of the vessel decrease so the windkessel effect decrase and the systolic bp incrasse and diastoclic decrease

the windkessel pheomenon reprsents the storage of presser in the blood vessel in the shape of dilatation of the vessel this decrsases SP and it can be released during diastole by what is called elastic recoil and the increases the DP

Question 12

why females during menopause have lower BP?

Answer 12

ESTROGEN!

Question 13

Why children have less BP

Answer 13

because the vasmotor centre is not well developed so
increasing age – incresae the development of vasomotor tone and it sympathatic acitivty in vc of blood vessel incresaes the resistance and bp

Question 14

Why is the bp changable during the intervals of the day

Answer 14

because during the morning you are still under parasymp eff after waking up
and during the afternoon the symp activitg take the upper hand !

Question 15

during inspiration decrease the BP

Answer 15

during insp the intrathoracic pressure decrases and the vessels are dilated so the bp decresase

Question 16

Emotions like anger
emotions like grief
effect on bp

Answer 16

1- increse symp

2-decrease parasymp

Question 17

Excercise — iso tonic المشي والسباحة

isomertic رفع الاثقال

Answer 17

SPB increases at both
the DP decrases at isotoinc
and markedly increases during isometric

Question 18

Static pressure MCP MSFP

Dynamic bp ?

Answer 18

1depends on blood volume in relation to the cirulatory capacity distensability
represnts the degree of filling of bv with blood 7-8 m during stoppage of circ

2 depends on the pumping force of the heart

Question 19

detreminants of arterial BP mention

Answer 19

^P=F x R

MAP=COP x TPR

Question 20

GR/ why the MAP increase during incresasr of HR although the pp decreased?

Answer 20

While increasing the HR the diastolic pressure increases breacuse the time of diatsole is shortened and then the pulse pressure decreses
but MAP= DP+ 1/3PP
The increase in the DP more than the decrese in the 1/3pp

Question 21

Why the TPR affect mainly the DP?

Answer 21

Becausre it depends mainly on the resist in the arterioles when to which the blood reach the diastole has already begun so increase in the peripheral resistance affect mainly the DP and therefore MAP increase and then SP increase because of the increase of DP
الدم في الانقباض هينضم لدم اصلا ضغطه عال فهيعلي عليه !

Question 22

TPR is the 2nd effector of the ABP ?

Answer 22

that is because it controls the outflow of blood to the capillary
يزود الدياستول و ال ماب و السيستول

Question 23

العامل الاهم المؤثر علي المقاومة الطرفية الكلية هو ؟

Answer 23

مساحة مقطع الوعاء الدموي
a small change in the radius cause a great effect on the the TPR
because it is related to the radius to the power 4

Question 23

العامل الاهم المؤثر علي المقاومة الطرفية الكلية هو ؟

Answer 23

مساحة مقطع الوعاء الدموي
a small change in the radius cause a great effect on the the TPR
because it is related to the radius to the power 4!

Question 24

Total blood volume in relation to the capacity of blood vessel
mention its effect on the ABP

Answer 24

لو زادت كمية الدم بالنسبة للمساحة اللي ماشي فيها هيؤدي ذلك الي شوية زيادة الرجوع الوريدي و زيادة ملء القلب وزيادة المخرج القلبي وبالتالي زيادة الضغط الدموي والعكس صحيح

Question 25

Elasticity affect the pp GR .

Answer 25

Because according to windkessel phenomenon
the bv store some of the systolic pressure as dilatation preventing
incerase in sp
and decresa in dp
and incerar in pp

Question 26

atherosclerosis increases PP

Answer 26

because this affect the elasticity and this leads to high SP
LOW DP and higher PP

Question 27

Determinant of ABP

Answer 27

MAP =CO X TPR

TOTAL BLOOD VOLUME AND CAPACITY OF BLOOD VESSELS
ELASTICITY !

Question 28

MAIN DETERMINANTS OF SP

Answer 28

SV

ELASTICITY IN AORTA AND BIG ARTERIES

Question 29

MAIN DETERMINANTS OF DP

Answer 29

TPR
ELASTICITY \
HEART RATEEEEE

Question 30

pHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS ON ABP

Answer 30

SEB ASD
STRESS
EXERCISE
BODY POSITION 
AGE
SED
DIURENAL AND NOCTURNAL VARIATION

Question 31

The arterioles are the most effector on the TPR

Answer 31

BECAUSE THEIR DIAMETER IS ABLE TO BE CHANGE EASILHY BY NEURAL OR HORMONAL EFFECTS

Question 32

Detrminant of pp

Answer 32

The sv

elasticity

Question 33

the aortic incometence ivcrease pp why?

Answer 33

because this lead to drop of DP as blood flow back to the ventricle