Aboriginal Communities (Readings) Flashcards
Define the term “aboriginal peoples”.
Aboriginal peoples is the term used to describe the original peoples who inhabited North America before European settlers arrived, and the descendants of those people.
Which three groups are considered “aboriginal peoples”?
First Nations (ie North American Indians)
Metis
Inuit
What is the Indian Act?
The Indian Act is legislation that sets out certain federal government obligations and regulates the management of Indian reserve lands, Indian monies, and other resources.
Who is recognized under the Indian Act?
Only Status Indians who are registered as an Indian or are entitled to be registered as an Indian arae recognized under the Indian Act.
What is a reserve?
A reserve is a tract of land, the legal title to which is held by the Crown, set apart for the use and benefit of an Indian band.
What is an Indian Band?
A body of Indians for whose collective use and benefit lands have been set apart of money is held by the Crown (Depository Services Program 2002).
What is “off-reserve”?
Off-reserve is a term used to describe Aboriginal people who are not part of a reserve.
Which social determinants of health contribute to the higher level of obesity among the aboriginal population?
Aboriginal population is distinct from the non-Aboriginal
population when considering the social determinants of
health, such as poverty, substandard housing, household over-
crowding, food insecurity, and lone parent households; geo-
graphic isolation; and lack of access to health care or health
care providers who have knowledge of Aboriginal languages,
cultural values, or Aboriginal history.
What are some features of a built environment that can influence health status and obesity?
Walkable neighbourhoods, the presence of grocery stores, convenience stores, and restaurants; school or workplace meal programs; parks, recreation areas; and transportation systems.
What is a community’s “foodscape”?
The mutiplicity of sites where food is displayed for purchase, and where it may be consumed.
What is a community’s “fitscape”?
Opportunities for physical activity and recreation.
What is the emphasis of obesity interventions that use an ecological framework?
Emphasize the importance of social, environment, and policy contexts as interdependence of influences across different levels extending from the individual to society at large.
What are four major factors that contribute to high levels of obesity among Aboriginal children?
Early life events
The family feeding environment
Food insecurity
Historical circumstances
What are the sociodemographic risk factors that contribute to food insecurity among Aboriginals?
The sociodemographic risk
factors for household food insecurity in the Aboriginal popu-
lation include poverty, multi-child households, low levels of
education achievement and labour force participation, reli-
ance on social assistance and welfare, and households headed
by lone parents
What are some early life events that can influence childhood obesity in Aboriginal communities?
the intrauterine
environment via maternal obesity and diabetes status, birth
weight, infant growth patterns, and infant nutritional practices
all appear to be important factors in the emergence of child-
hood and early adulthood obesity and related metabolic disor-
ders.
