Abdominal Wall Flashcards by Annamaria Melton

Anteroabdominal wall layers

Skin
Superficial fatty fascia - camper’s fascia
Deep membranous scarpa’s fascia
Potential space
Muscular laters with investing fascia
Endoabdominal / transversalis fascia 
Extraperitoneal fat
Parietal peritoneum

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External obliques

Funciton

Bilaterally flex trunk
Compress abdominal
Unilaterally - ipsilateral bending
Contralateral rotation

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External obliques

Innervation

Thoracoabdominal nerve

Subcoastal nerve

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Internal oblique function

Bilaterally flex trunk
Compress abdomen
Unilaterally bend and rotate ipsilateral

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Internal oblique innervation

Thoracoabdomino n
Subcostal n
Iliohypogastric n
Ilioinguinal n

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Transverse abdominals

Funciton

Bilaterally compress abd

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Transverse abdominis innervation

Thoracoabdominal n
Subcostal n
Iliohypogastric n
Ilioinguinal n

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Inguinal region contains

EO aponeurosis (inguinal ligament)
ASIS to pubic tubercle 
Lacunae ligament
IO and TA > conjoint tendon
TA FIBERS DONT CONTRIBUTE

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Rectus abdominis function

Flexes lumbar trunk

Compresses abdominis

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Rectus abdominis innervation

Thoracoabdominal n

Subcostal n

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Above accurate line anterior

EO aponeurosis and 1/2 IO aponeurosis

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Above accurate line posteriorly

TA aponeurosis and 1/2 IO aponeurosis

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Below arcuate line anterior

All 3 aponeurosis pass anterior to rectus abdominis

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Below arcuate line posterior

Only endoabdominal/ transversalis fascia and parietal peritoneum

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Falciform ligament

Between liver and superior wall

Round ligament and paraumbilical veins

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Lateral umbilical fold

Inferior epigastric artey

Medial umbilical fold

Medial umbilical ligaments

Obliterated umbilical artery

Median umbilical fold

Medial umbilical ligament

Urachus - remnant of allantois

Urachus

Remnant of allantois

Innervation of anterior abdominal wall

Motor and cutaneous innervation by ventral rami of spinal nerves t6-t12.
Thoracoabdominal
Subcostal
Lumbar plexus

Thoracoabdominal nerve

T6-t11
Continuation of intercostal inferior to costal margin
Course in neurovasculare space (IO and TA)
Supplies all muscles of anterolateral wall and skin to umbilicus

Subcostal nerve

T12
Passes below rib 12.
Penetrates TA and IO
All muscles of anterolateral abdominal wall
Anterolateral skin - iliac crest to umbilicus

Lumbar plexus

L1-l4
Iliohypogastric
Ilioinguinal
Genitofemoral

Iliohypogastric

L1
Skin over inguinal region
Superolateral thigh
IO and TA muscles

Ilioinguinal

L1 Skin superiomedial thigh Skin of scrotum/labia IO and TA muscles

Genitofemoral n

L1 l2 Skin over femoral triangle Cremaster in males Mons pubis nad labia females

Arterial supply

Internal thoracic a External iliac a Femoral a Freely anastomose b/c no bony structures

Internal thoracic aa splits

Superior epigastric aa | Musculophrenic aa

External iliac aa splits

Inferior epigastric aa | Deep circumflex aa

Femoral aa spilts

Superficial circumflex iliac aa | Superficial epigastric aa

Superficial venous drainage superiormedially

Internal thoracic vein

Superficial venous drainage laterally

Lateral thoracic vein

Superficial venous drainage inferiority

Superficial and inferior epigastric v

Lymphatic drainage cut off line

Transumbilical plane t10

Lymphatic drainage above transumbilical plane

Superior to axillary

Lymphatic drainage below transumbilical plane

Inferior to inguinal.