Abdominal Viscera

Question 1

Peritoneum

Answer 1

thin, transport serous membrane that has two layers. Parietal (lines the abdominal wall) and the visceral (lines the organs). The space between is filled with serous fluid for no friction.

Question 2

Are all the organs covered by the peritoneum

Answer 2

NO

Question 3

Mesentery

Answer 3

Double layer pf peritoneum that encloses the abdominal organs. For neurovascular communication and organ attachment to posterior abdominal wall.

Question 4

what is contained in the fibrous tissue of the mesentery

Answer 4

Blood and lymph vessels, nerves, lymph nodes, adipose tissue

Question 5

Omentum

Answer 5

Double layer of the peritoneum that attaches the stomach to the body wall or other abdominal organs. 
Greater omentum (fat laden fold of peritoneum that attaches the stomach to the transverse colon)
Lesser omentum (connects lesser curvature of the stomach and duodenum to the liver)

Question 6

Abdominal Cavity

Answer 6

superior to the pelvic inlet and the thoracic diaphragm. has peritoneum and the abdominal viscera

Question 7

Esophagus

Answer 7

muscular tube that goes from the pharynx to the stomach to transport food from the oral cavity to the stomach.

Question 8

What does the esophagus pass through to get into the abdominal cavity

Answer 8

the esophageal hiatus

Question 9

What actions create the rapid food movement from the oral cavity to the stomach

Answer 9

peristaltic actions

Question 10

Stomach

Answer 10

part between the esophagus and the small intestine. Provides enzymatic digestion and converting solid food into liquid mixture CHYME.

Question 11

How much food can the stomach hold

Answer 11

2-3 liters of food

Question 12

What are the four parts of the stomach

Answer 12

cardia (surround the cardiac orifice that marks the connection between the esophagus and the stomach)
funds (related to the left dome of the diaphragm)
Body (center)
Pyloric (funnel shaped region of the stomach. Pyloric sphincter which controls discharge of stomach contents in to the duodenum)

Question 13

Small Intestine

Answer 13

Divided into three parts

duodenum: divided into four parts, superior, descending, ascending and horizontal. Shortest and c-shaped, bile and pancreatic ducts enter here)
jejunum: Usually redder, thicker and more vascularity
ileum: together with jejunum are 6-7 feet line.

Question 14

What are the four parts of duodenum

Answer 14

superor, descending, horizontal and ascending

Question 15

Spleen

Answer 15

largest LYMPHATIC organ, Located in LUQ. Job is to eliminate old and damaged cells from circulation, filter antigens, contribute to immune response. CAN remove without imparting immune response.

Question 16

Pancreas

Answer 16

lies posteriorly to stomach. secrete gastric juices from small intestine that enters duodenum via pancreatic ducts. Supply body with insulin and glucagon from the Islets of Langerhans.

Question 17

What are the four parts of the pancreas

Answer 17

head, body, tail and neck

Question 18

Liver

Answer 18

largest GLAND in the body. RUQ. metabolic activities, secretion of bile, storage of glycogen. Processes products like drugs and alcohol and toxins that are in circulation.

Question 19

Portal triad

Answer 19

in the liver. bile duct (common hepatic duct and cystic duct from gallbladder). hepatic artery (from aorta and delivers oxygenated blood to the liver). and portal vein (from the mesenteric and splenic veins that empty into the liver. carries nutrient rich blood

Question 20

Gallbladder

Answer 20

bile storage. It is released when fat enters the duodenum via the cystic duct to the bile duct.

Question 21

Large intestine

Answer 21

cecum, colon

Question 22

Cecum

Answer 22

part of the large intestine. first part, blind intestinal pouch. the ileocecal value connecting ileum to cecum. appendix attaches here.

Question 23

Colon

Answer 23

the part of the large intestine with four parts. the ascending, descending, transverse and sigmoid colon. FUNCTION is to remove fluid from fecal matter.

Question 24

Rectum and anal canal

Answer 24

last part of the large intestine with sphincters to control defecation.

Question 25

Kidneys

Answer 25

lie on the posterior abdominal wall. to remove excess water, salts and wastes of protein metabolism from the blood. Return nutrients and chemicals back to the blood.

Question 26

Ureters (run over the what)

Answer 26

convey waste products absorbed but the kidneys to the bladder. run over the common iliac arteries.

Question 27

Suprarenal glands (adrenal glands)

Answer 27

superior aspect of the kidneys. Produce hormones and steroid production for the body.

Question 28

Pelvic Cavity

Answer 28

Bladder and reproductive organs

Question 29

Bladder

Answer 29

hollow pouch with strong muscular walls. Can distend. reservoir for urine

Question 30

Urethra

Answer 30

carries urine from the bladder. Muscular tube

Question 31

Female Reproductive Organs

Answer 31

Ovaries (makes ova or oocytes and estrogen)
Fallopian tubes or uterine tubes (convert ovum from ovary to the uterus)
Uterus (thick walled pair shaped hollow muscular organ. Allows for fetus development)
Cervix (Neck region of uterus)
Vagina (tube from the cervix to the vestibule of the vagina. Passageway

Question 32

Male Reproductive Organs

Answer 32

Testis (male gonad, in scrotum. makes sperm and testosterone)
Seminal Vesicles (between the bladder and the rectum. Secretes thick alkaline fluid that mies with sperm as it passes into the ejaculatory duct)
Ductus Deferens or Vas Deferens (continuation of the duct of epididymis, will join with the seminal vesicle from the ejaculatory duct)
Ejaculatory Duct (union of the duct of a seminal vesicle with the ductus deferens and connect to the urethra. )
Prostate (accessory gland, secretes fluid that helps to form the seminal fluid.)