Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1 Medicine > Abdominal Examination > Flashcards

Abdominal Examination Flashcards

1
Q

What can be looked for in abdominal examination during general inspection?

A

Patient: well/unwell, pain/discomfort, jaundice, pallor, muscle wasting, cachexia

around bed: vomit bowels, IV infusions, nutrition, catheter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what can be seen in the hands during examination in a abdominal exam

A

flapping tremor

nails: clubbing, leukonychia, koilonychia

palms: palmar erythema, Dupuytren’s contracture, fingertip capillary glucose marks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what may cause clubbing?

A

IBD

cirrhosis

coeliac disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what may cause leukonychia

A

hypoalbuminemia in liver cirrhosis/ enteropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what may cause kolionychia?

A

iron deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what may cause palmar erythema

A

hyperdynamic circulation due to increased oestrogen levels in liver disease/pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what may cause duppuytren’s contracture?

A

can be related to alcoholism or liver disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

why might a patient have fingertip capillary glucose monitoring marks?

A

diabetes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

how do you demonstrate a flapping tremor?

A

patient hold arms out straight with wrists cocked back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what may cause a flapping tremor?

A

hepatic encephalopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what should be checked in a face examination in an abdominal exam?

A

eyes

mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what may be seen in eyes in a face exam in an abdominal exam?

A

sclera for jaundice

conjunctival pallor

periorbital xanthelasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

when might a patient have scleral jaundice?

A

liver disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the cause of conjunctival pallor?

A

anaemia- GI bleed, malabsorption etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is periorbital xanthelasma caused by?

A

hyperlipidaemia in cholestasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what should be checked for in the mouth in abdominal examinations?

A

glossitis/stomatitis

aphthous ulcers

breath odour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what may cause glossitis/ stomatitis?

A

iron/ vit B12 deficiency

18
Q

what may cause aphthous ulcers?

A

IBD

19
Q

what may cause a feculent breath odour?

A

obstruction

20
Q

what may cause a fruity breath odour?

A

ketoacidosis

21
Q

what may cause a fetor hepaticus/sweet breath odour?

A

portal hypertension

22
Q

what are the odours that should be checked for in the mouth?

A

feculent

fruity

sweet/ fetor hepaticus

alcohol odour

23
Q

what lymph node is most important to check?

A

left supraclavicular fossa- virchow’s node

24
Q

what is virchow’s node a sign of?

A

gastric malignancy

25
Q

when are spide naevi signigicant?

A

>5

26
Q

when might skin lesions be seen on a back?

A

immunosuppresison

27
Q

what should be check on chest inspection?

A

spider naevi

gynacomastia

loss of axillary hair loss

28
Q

what may cause spider naevi, gynecomastia and loss of peripheral hair loss?

A

all caused by increased oestrogen

liver disease or pregnancy

29
Q

what are the causes of abdominal distention?

A

Fat

fluid

flatus

fetus

faeces

30
Q

what may cause Striae?

A

pregnancy

cushing’s disease

31
Q

what causes caput medusae?

A

portal hypertension

32
Q

what should be checked on abdominal examination?

A

scars

distention

spider naevi

hernias

movement with respiration

obvious pulsations

distended abdominal wall veins

stomas

33
Q

when is abdominal wall movement on respiration absent?

A

peritonitis

34
Q

what should be asked before starting palpation?

A

any pain- start away from painful areas

35
Q

what is the order of palpation of abdomen?

A

superficial

deep

liver

spleen

kidney

aorta

36
Q

when is rovsing’s sign seen?

A

appendicitis

37
Q

when in murphy’s sign seen?

A

cholecystitis

38
Q

what may hepatomegaly be caused by?

A

metastasis/ hepatocellular carcinoma

heppatitis

RVF

leukaemia/lymphoma

fatty liver

alcoholic liver disease

39
Q

what may cause splenomegaly?

A

lymphoma/ leukaemia

myelofibrosis

myeloproliferative disorders

portal hypertension

extravascular haemolysis

malaria/ EBV

40
Q

what is the difference between spleen and kidney palpation?

A

cannot get above spleen

spleen notched

spleen not ballotable

spleen moves down on inspiration

41
Q

what does a pulsatile, expansile mass on abdominal aorta palpation suggest?

A

AAA

42
Q
A

1 Medicine (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions