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Part 4 > Abdominal Exam > Flashcards

Abdominal Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Abdominal Inspection

A

Expose xiphoid to pubis, supine, knees bent, stand on the right

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2
Q

Upper Distention

A

Stomach, liver, spleen

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3
Q

Lower Distention

A

Pregnancy, bladder, hernia

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4
Q

Distention - Both

A

Ascites

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5
Q

Increase Peristalsis

A

Early Obstruction

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6
Q

Decrease Peristalsis

A

Late Obstruction

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7
Q

Pulsations could mean?

A

Aneurysm

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8
Q

Purple Striae

A

Cushing’s

Adrenal tumor

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9
Q

White / Silver Marks

A

Stretch marks

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10
Q

Incisions indicate

A

Surgery

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11
Q

Linea Nigra indicates

A

Pregnancy

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12
Q

Diastasis recti insignificant or significant?

A

insignificant

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13
Q

Bluing around the umbilicus

A

Cullen’s sign

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14
Q

Caput medusa associated with

A

Portal Hypertension

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15
Q

Grey Turner’s Sign

A

Ecchymosis of flanks indicating pancreatitis

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16
Q

Bowel sounds (diaphragm) indicates

A

Borborygmi

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17
Q

Sounds in vessels (bell) indicate

A

Vessel Turbulence

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18
Q

Tympany during percussion indicates

A

Air (gastric air bubble / gas)

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19
Q

Dullness during percussion indicates

A

Tissue / fluid

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20
Q

Normal liver size

A

Parasternal - 4-8 cm

Midclavicular - 6-12 cm

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21
Q

Star Pattern associated with

A

spleen

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22
Q

Palpating liver

A

coastal margin

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23
Q

Palpating GB

A

Murphy’s sign

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24
Q

Palpate kidney

A

Entrapment, Punch, Jarr

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25
Q

Palpate spleen

A

Pull with left hand

Push with right hand

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26
Q

Shifting dullness
Fluid wave
Puddle sign

A

Ascites

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27
Q

Rovsing
Obturator
Psoas
Blumberg

A

Appendix

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28
Q

Rebound tenderness

A

Peritonitis

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29
Q

Number 1 cause of chest pain

A

Heartburn

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30
Q

Short esophagus or weak diaphragm

A

Hiatal Hernia

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31
Q

Distal narrow esophagus (Scleroderma)

A

Achalasia

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32
Q

Portal Hypertension, Alcoholism, Bulimia

A

Varices

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33
Q

Non-acidic associated with

A

Esophagitis

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34
Q

Acidic associated with

A

Gastric reflux

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35
Q

Substernal Pain, Regurgitation, Heartburn, Dysphagia

A

Gastric reflux

36
Q

RUQ Organs

A

Liver
Gallbladder
Kidney

37
Q

Epigastric Organs

A

Pancreas

Aorta

38
Q

LUQ Organs

A

Stomach
Spleen
Kidney

39
Q

RLQ Organs

A

Appendix

Ovary

40
Q

Suprapubic Organs

A

Uterus

Bladder

41
Q

LLQ Organs

A

Sigmoid

Ovary

42
Q

Stomach condition with allergies when acute, decrease in B12 when chronic

A

gastritis

43
Q

Anemia, burning pain in stomach

A

Peptic ulcers

44
Q

Unpredictable pain in stomach

A

Gastric

45
Q

2 hour stomach pain

A

Duodenal

46
Q

Weight loss, nocturnal pain, unrelieved by medication

A

Cancer

47
Q

Diagnostic US, amylase/lipase, biopsy, stool, UA, CT, CBC)

A

pancreas head: emergency

48
Q

Pancreatitis with fever and rigid

A

Acute

49
Q

Pancreatitis that’s quiet with normal labs

A

Chronic

50
Q

T-10, bruised flanks, fetal position, steatorrhea, jaundice, drinking, smoking

A

Pancreas head cancer

51
Q

Diabetes with Juvenile <35 thin, insulin dependent

A

Type 1

52
Q

Diabetes with Older >35 obese, diet controlled

A

Type 2

53
Q

F’s: female, multiparous, GI distress, obese, inferior right scapula, murphy’s sign, steatorrhea, jaundice

A

Cholelithiasis - stones

54
Q

Tender, swollen, boggy liver, IgM

A

acute hepatitis

55
Q

Non-tender, swollen, boggy liver, IgG

A

Chronic hepatitis

56
Q

Hepatitis A transmission

A

oral fecal

57
Q

Hepatitis B and C transmission

A

blood transfusions

58
Q

Non-tender, variable, hard, symmetrical

A

Cirrhosis (alcoholic)

59
Q

Non-tender, swollen, hard, lumpy, variable labs

A

cancer

60
Q

Yellow skin, pale feces, yellow urine

A

direct, conjugated bilirubin, soluble, post-hepatic

61
Q

Yellow skin, green urine

A

indirect, unconjugated bilirubin, insoluble, pre-hepatic

62
Q

Spleen enlargement means

A

Hodgkin’s or Mono

63
Q

Test for lysis of RBC’s

A

Coomb’s test

64
Q

Imaging options for spleen

A

CBC, Diagnostic US, Biopsy, CT

65
Q

Labs/Imaging for kidney

A

IVP, helical CT, UA, creatinine clearance, cystometric, US

66
Q

Fever, Strep, Proteinuria, A cast (RBC), Sore throat, Dentist

A

Nephritic (infection)

67
Q 
Hypertension
Edema
Proteinuria (positive UA)
All casts
Meds, swollen
A

Nephrotic (death)

68
Q

Older men, younger females, ascending, E-coli

Frequency, urgency, burning

A

Cystitis

69
Q

Painless bleeding, unexplained weight loss

A

Cancer

70
Q

Painful bleeding, Male, 20 yo, sedentary life style, colicky, writhing pain

A

Kidney stones

71
Q

Treatment for kidney stones

A 
Lithotripsy
Increase fluid
Decrease Vitamin C
Decrease Calcium
Decrease green veggies
72
Q

Barium swallow, endoscopy, stool culture

A

small intestine

73
Q

Barium enema, colonoscopy, stool culture

A

large intestine

74
Q

Hyperperistalsis, hyperborborygmi

A

early obstruction

75
Q

Aperistalsis, aborborygmi

A

late obstruction

76
Q

AKA Regional Iliitis
Skip lesions
Distal ileum (80%)
Narrow lumen (thickening)

A

Crohn’s disease

77
Q

Treatment for Crohn’s (regional iliitis)

A

Restrict raw food
High calories
Adjust
Stool Transplant

78
Q 
Descending colon
Bloody diarrhea
Mega-colon arthritis
Iritis (uveitis)
Sigmoidoscopy
A

Ulcerative Colitis

79
Q

Treatment for ulcerative colitis

A

Electrolytes
Avoid milk
Adjust
Stool transplant

80
Q

AKA Spastic Colon, Mucous Colitis

Alternating constipation and diarrhea

A

IBS

81
Q

Treatment for diverticulosis

A

fiber

82
Q

Outpouching
Distal colon
Decrease seeds, popcorn
Increase fluid

A

Diverticulosis

83
Q

Diarrhea: 2-4 hrs, Staphylococcus
18-24 hrs: Salmonella
Constipation, anxiety, weight loss

A

Food poisoning

84
Q

Periumbilical pain, McBurney’s point, high grade fever, Rebound tenderness

A

Appendicitis

85
Q

Tests for Appendix

A

Blumberg’s (AKA Rebound Tenderness all 4 quads)
Rovsing’s (quick release LLQ only)
Psoas (side lying)
Obturator (supine, 90/90 int/ext rotate hip)

86
Q

Treatment for Appendicitis

A

ER - rigid abdomen, serum tests, surgery

Part 4 (19 decks)

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