Abdominal

Question 1

Rectus Abdominis: Origin?

Answer 1

Pubic symphysis, pubic crest

Question 2

Rectus Abdominis: Insertion?

Answer 2

Xiphoid process, costal cartilages of ribs 5-7

Question 3

Rectus Abdominis: Nerve?

Answer 3

Intercostal nerves (T7-T12)

Question 4

Rectus Abdominis: Bony Landmarks & Ligaments?

Answer 4

Pubic symphysis, pubic crest & Xiphoid process, costal cartilages of ribs 5-7

Question 5

Rectus Abdominis: Functional Movement?

Answer 5

Flexion of the trunk (sit-ups), stabilisation of the pelvis during walking and standing

Question 6

Rectus Abdominis: Resisting the muscle?

Answer 6

Ask the patient to lie on their back with knees bent and feet flat on the floor. Place your hands on their shoulders and ask them to perform a sit-up while you apply downward pressure to resist the movement.

Question 7

External Oblique: Origin?

Answer 7

Outer surfaces of ribs 5-12

Question 8

External Oblique: Insertion?

Answer 8

Linea alba, pubic tubercle, anterior half of iliac crest

Question 9

External Oblique: Nerve?

Answer 9

Intercostal nerves (T7-T12)

Question 10

External Oblique: Bony Landmarks & Ligaments?

Answer 10

Ribs 5-12, iliac crest, inguinal ligament & Linea alba, pubic tubercle

Question 11

External Oblique: Functional Movement?

Answer 11

Flexion and rotation of the trunk

Question 12

External Oblique: Resisting the muscle?

Answer 12

Ask the patient to sit or lie on their side with knees bent. Place one hand on their opposite shoulder and the other hand on their hip. Ask them to rotate their trunk towards the opposite side while you apply resistance to the rotation.

Question 13

Internal Oblique: Origin?

Answer 13

Inguinal ligament, iliac crest

Question 14

Internal Oblique: Insertion?

Answer 14

Linea alba, pubic crest, lower ribs

Question 15

Internal Oblique: Nerve?

Answer 15

Intercostal nerves (T7-T12), subcostal nerve (T12)

Question 16

Internal Oblique: Bony Landmarks & Ligaments?

Answer 16

Inguinal ligament, iliac crest, lower ribs & Linea alba, pubic crest

Question 17

Internal Oblique: Functional Movement?

Answer 17

Flexion and rotation of the trunk, lateral flexion

Question 18

Internal Oblique: Resisting the muscle?

Answer 18

Ask the patient to sit or lie on their side with knees bent. Place one hand on their same-side shoulder and the other hand on their hip. Ask them to rotate their trunk towards the same side while you apply resistance to the rotation.

Question 19

Transversus Abdominis: Origin?

Answer 19

Inguinal ligament, iliac crest, costal cartilages of ribs 7-12

Question 20

Transversus Abdominis: Insertion?

Answer 20

Linea alba, pubic crest

Question 21

Transversus Abdominis: Nerve?

Answer 21

Intercostal nerves (T7-T12), subcostal nerve (T12), iliohypogastric nerve (L1)

Question 22

Transversus Abdominis: Bony Landmarks & Ligaments?

Answer 22

Inguinal ligament, iliac crest, costal cartilages of ribs 7-12 & Linea alba, pubic crest

Question 23

Transversus Abdominis: Functional Movement?

Answer 23

Compression of abdominal contents, stabilisation of trunk

Question 24

Transversus Abdominis: Resisting the muscle?

Answer 24

Ask the patient to stand upright or lie on their back. Place your hands on their sides and ask them to draw their belly button towards their spine while you apply resistance to the movement.