Abdomen

Question 1

What are the retroperitoneal structures

Answer 1

Suprarenal glands 
Aorta and IVC 
Duodenum 
Pancreas
Ureter 
Colon (ascending and descending) 
Kidneys 
Esophagus 
Rectum

Question 2

What is the blood supply of suprarenal glands

Answer 2

1. Superior suprarenal arteries (interior phrenic)
2. Middle suprarenal artery (abdominal aorta)
3. Inferior suprarenal artery (renal artery)

Question 3

Where is the anatomical location of the appendix

Answer 3

Mc Burney’s point

Right side of abdomen that is 1/3 distance from ASIS to umbilicus

Question 4

V level of
trans pyloric plane 
Subcostal 
Trans umbilical 
Intercristal 
Trans tubercular

Answer 4

L1 
L3 
L3-4 
L4 (highest point of iliac crest) 
L5

Question 5

Surface landmarks of 
Transpyloric plane 
Subcostal 
Transumbilical 
Intercristal 
Trans tubercular 
Median 
Midclavicular

Answer 5

Midway between suprasternal notch and pubic symphysis (cuts through pylorus)

Inferior border 10th CC

Umbilicus

Highest point iliac crest

Iliac tubercles

Longitudinally through body

Halfway along clavicle and mid inguinal point (halfway between ASIS and inguinal symphysis)

Question 6

Structures relating diaphragm apertures

Answer 6

T8 IVC, right phrenic nerve
T10 oesophagus, right and left vagus nerve, left gastric artery
T12 aorta, thoracic duct, azygous vein

Question 7

At which vertebral level does the oesophagus begin?

Answer 7

C6

Question 8

What are the 4 constrictions of the oesophagus as it passes the mediastinum?

Answer 8

1. Aortic arch
2. L main bronchus
3. L atrium
4. Oesophageal hiatus

Question 9

Which v level does the oesophagus enter the abdomen?

Answer 9

T11

Question 10

Innervation of the oesophagus?

Answer 10

Vague nerve and sympathetic chain