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N211F > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

8 inspection

A
  1. straie
  2. lesion/ rashes/ scars
  3. skin condition
  4. umbilicus
  5. vascularity
  6. contour & symmetry
  7. aortic pulsation
  8. abdominal movement
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2
Q

umbilicus inspection normal result

A

skin tone similar to surrounding skin, or even pinkish

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3
Q

umbilicus inspection abnormal result

A

inverted: umbilicu hernia
sign of infection/ discharge (esp. in newborns)

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4
Q

vascularity inspection normal inspection

A

scattered fine vessels ay be visible

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5
Q

vascularity inspection abnormal inspection

A

dilated vessels: liver cirrhosis, vascular disease, ascites

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6
Q

skin tone inspection normal result

A

paler than other part: less exposure to natural elements

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7
Q

skin tone inspection abnormal result

A

yellow: jaudance
red/ bruise: inflammation/ injuries
purple: bleeding abdominal wall
taut skin: ascites

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8
Q

Straie inspection normal result

A

new: pink bluish
old: streatch mark/ slilver

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9
Q

Straie inspection abnormal result

A

dark blue: cushing syndrome

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10
Q

lesion/ scar/ rash inspection normal result

A

none; old scar: pale & smooth

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11
Q

lesion/ scar/ rashes: inspection abnormal result

A

nonhealing wounds: deep red, irregular
changes in moles

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12
Q

contour & symmetry inspection normal result

A

flat, rounded, scaphoid (normal for thin adult)
symmetrical

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13
Q

contour & symmetry abnormal inspection result

A

scaphoid: malnutrition
distended: 6F (fat, flatulance, feaces, fluid, fribroid, fetus)
asymmetrical: organ enlargment/ lack of fatty tissue

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14
Q

Adominal movement inspection normal result

A

abdominal respiraotry movement

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15
Q

Adominal movement inspection abnormal result

A

visible peristatic wave: bowel obstruction

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16
Q

Aortic pulsation inspection normal result

A

slightly visible
may extend to full length in thin adults

17
Q

Aortic pulsation inspection abnormal result

A

exaggerated, vigorous, broad pulsation visible: abdominal aneurysm (shall check BP of both arms immediately)

18
Q

2 auscultation

A
  1. bowel sound
  2. vascular sound
19
Q

Bowel sound auscultation normal result

A

5-30 intermittent positive sound

20
Q

Bowel sond auscultation abnormal result

A

hyperactive: rushing may indicate diarrhea
hypoative: quiet & infrequent may indicate intestinal obstruction

21
Q

Vescular sound auscultation normal result

A

no bruit/ swishing sound is heard via bell side of stethoscope

22
Q

Vescular sound auscultation abnormal result

A

bruit (swishing) sound is heard: vascular issue (aeurysm/ renal vascular stenosis), need angiogram/ ultrasound

23
Q

Percussion normal result

A

dullness over liver area
tympany all over abdomen due o air in the instestine

24
Q

Percussion abnormal result

A

dullness in area other than the liver area: significant fluid/ matter exist in the intestine (fribre)
accentuated tmypany: distended abdomen

25
Q

2 types of palpation in abdominal assessment

A

light (1-2cm) & deep max. 5cm)
perform light then deep palpation

26
Q

Palpation normal result

A

umbilicus & surrounding area free of swelling, bulging, masses
should feel soft, non-tender without guarding
mild tender over cecum, sigmoid colo, aorta when deep palpation

27
Q

palpation abnormal result

A

guarding: abnormal sign of abdominal wall spasm to protect abnormal organ
Gurading (obj. sign) + parietal pain (subj. sign): internal organ rupture
> need CT scan (computerized tomology)

28
Q

should palpation be performed to patient with abdominal aortic aneurysm

A

deep palpation should not be performed

29
Q

Inflammation of gallbladder: what is muphy sign

A

pain when pressure is applied to right costal margin area

30
Q

Liver palpation technique

A

hooking technique performed bimanually

31
Q

Liver palpation normal result

A

edge of the liver may be palpable in right costal margin, no enlargmenet

32
Q

Spleen palpation normal result

A

not palpable, no enlargement

33
Q

What position should be used for spleen palpation

A

right lateral/ side lyinh position

34
Q

kidneys palpation (left & right) normal result

A

not palpable, no enlargement

35
Q

bladder palpation normal result

A

empty bladder: not palpable
distended bladder: smooth & rounded

36
Q

what is Rovsing sign? what does it ssuggest? what should normal result be like?

A

when pressure is aplied to LLQ, RLQ feels rebound pain when pressure is quickly relieved
suggest aute appendicitis
normal: no rebound pain is triggered

37
Q

what is psoas sign? (when hyperextend client’s right leg, RLQ feels pain)

A

suugest iliopsoas irritation due to appendicitis

38
Q

Obturator sign

A

irritation of obturator muscle due to appendicitis

39
Q

TGRR stands for?

A

Tenderness, guarding, rebound pain, rigidity

N211F (14 decks)

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