Abd Doppler Quiz

Question 1

(True,False) Portal hypertension or elevated pressure in the portal venous system is due to the decrease in venous flow or flow through the liver.

Answer 1

False (increased impedance)

Question 2

Hepatic veins enlarge as they approach the diaphragm

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Risk factors for aortic aneurysms:

Answer 3

-Tobacco abuse. 
• Hereditary/family history. 
• Advanced age. 
• Male gender (men are 5 times more
likely to develop AAA than women). 
• High cholesterol. 
• Obesity.

Question 4

Most intact aortic aneurysms produce symptoms of back and abdominal pain

Answer 4

False

Question 5

There’s no correlation between size and rupture

Answer 5

False

Question 6

How great does renal artery stenosis need to be before it causes hypertension?

Answer 6

60%

greater than or equal to 70%
p 308

Question 7

Greater than 60% stenosis would create a renal artery ratio of?

Answer 7

> 3.5

???

Question 8

What are some technical limitations of a renal artery study?

Answer 8

• Stenosis in accessory renal arteries (although unlikely to cause hypertension)
• Differentiation of occlusion/stenosis
• Differentiation of occlusion/stenosis
• Needs meticulous technique
• Accuracy improves at >80% stenosis.
• Low positive predictive value (PPV) & low Sensitivity in some reports

Question 9

Normal flow of the hepatic veins?

Answer 9

hepatofugal

Question 10

Portal vein is formed by ?

Answer 10

superior mesenteric vein and splenic vein

Question 11

What is used for a renal artery ratio?

Answer 11

Highest velocity obtained in the renal artery divided by the peak velocity from the aorta

Question 12

Which transducer frequency is most likely to reach the Nyquist limit?

Answer 12

Nyquist limit= PRF/2
Higher PRFs can eliminate aliasing
pg 11 of the vascular book says “The PRF on most systems is linked to the SCALE control in spectral and color Doppler. System PRF is not related to the transmitted frequency of the transducer.”
“Aliasing will occur when the Doppler frequency shift exceeds one half of the PRF. This is known as the Nyquist limit.”

Question 13

Fibromuscular dysplasia of the renal arteries is associated with what and who is it most likely to affect?

Answer 13

Associated with hypertension, and predominance in women (90%)

Question 14

Renal transplant, what the doppler would be to indicate rejection?

Answer 14

Waveforms in the segmental, interlobar, and arcuate arteries demonstrate high resistance with absent or minimal diastolic flow (and sometimes reversal of flow)

Question 15

What is fear of food syndrome caused by?

Answer 15

Usually caused by athero occlusive disease at vessel origins

Question 16

Hepatic outflow obstruction, what can cause it?

Answer 16

• Hepatomegaly
• Splenomegaly
• Ascites
• Extrinsic compression by a tumor
• Thrombus in the hepatic veins or IVC

Question 17

What is Budd-chiarri?

Answer 17

Stenosis or obstruction of the hepatic veins

Question 18

Where the rt renal artery passes in conjunction with IVC

Answer 18

The right renal artery courses behind (posterior to) the IVC

Question 19

The right renal artery courses behind (posterior to) the IVC

Answer 19

> 20%

Question 20

What vessel would produce a ESP?

Answer 20

Segmental renal artery

pg. 315

Question 21

Normal portal venous flow direction?

Answer 21

hepatopetal

Question 22

With TIPS, what is the stent connecting?

Answer 22

Connects the portal vein and the hepatic vein

Question 23

What percentage of individuals have the hepatic veins joined before the IVC?

Answer 23

96%

Question 24

Most common cause for portal hypertension?

Answer 24

Cirrhosis (90%)

Question 25

What percentage of pts with a ruptured aneurysm survive?

Answer 25

10-25%

Question 26

Most common cause for an aneurysm?

Answer 26

Atherosclerotic disease

Question 27

Marfan’s syndrome, what situation would you have?

Answer 27

Thoracic or ascending aortic aneurysm

Dissection

Question 28

Between the rt renal artery and the rt renal vein, which one is longer or shorter than the other?

Answer 28

The right renal artery is longer than the vein

Question 29

the vessels that extend into the renal cortex are?

Answer 29

Interlobular arteries (cortical branches) extend into the cortex. pg. 309

Question 30

(True,False) Most Portal hypertension cases are due to cirrhosis

Answer 30

True