AB-Abdominal Wall Flashcards
Site for abscess formations
lesser sac, subphrenic, subcapular
Mallignant/Inflammatory Ascites
characterized by: septation loculation fine or course internal echoes unusual distribution matting or clumping of bowel loops thickening of interface between fluid and neighboring structures
Clinical symptoms of infection
increased white blood cell count pain fever warmth palpable
What is Inflammatory Ascites usually linked to?
Cancer
Colisticyticis Disease Process
Biloma
Extrahepatic collection of bile that may develop because of iatrogenic, traumatic, or spontaneous rupture of the Biliary tree
Urachal Cyst
incomplete regression of the urachus during development
-becomes obliterated and forms a fibrous core-urachus
runs from the apex of the baldder to the belly button
(oozing fluid collection from belly button seen in babies)
Greater Omentum
Peritoneal Cavity, apron like fold over stomach
it is filled with blood vessels by the epiploic branches of the gastroepiploic vessels and helps combat infection
Lymphocele
collection of fluid that occurs after surgery in pelvis
creates pressure and pusses bowel away- unlike ascites.
(occurs in approx. 12% of all transplant patients)
Peritoneum
Smooth membrane that lines the entire abdominal cavity and is reflected over contained organs
Sepsis
spread of infection from initial site into the bloodstream
Differential diagnosis for lesser sac abscess
pseudocyst
pancreatic abscess
gastric outlet obstruction
fluid-filled stomach
Hydatid cyst in the spleen
usually seen in cattle-rearing or sheep herding areas
appears as a cyst within a cyst
caused by a parasitic tapeworm
Candidiasis
a kind of infection
common in AIDS patients
Hernia
protrusion of peritoneal lined sac
umbilical, femoral areas
strangulation, interruption of blood
incarcerated, can not be pushed back
The peritoneal cavity is made up of..
multiple peritoneal ligaments and folds that connect the viscera to each other and to the abdominopelvic walls
Within the cavity
Lesser and greater omentum
Mesenteries
Ligaments
Multiple fluid spaces (lesser sac, perihepatic and subphrenic spaces)
Parietal peritoneum
The part that lines the walls of the cavity
Visceral peritoneum
The part covering the abdominal organs to a greater or lesser extent
Lesser omentum
double layer of peritoneum, extending from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach.
Greater sac
general peritoneal cavity
Lesser sac
Peritoneal recess posterior to the stomach
Extends to the diaphragm
The lesser sac communicates with the greater sac through a small vertical opening known as
epiploic foramen
*inferior to the liver, superior to the first part of the duodenum, IVC is posterior, portal vein anterior
Fluid will accumulate in this area when patient is lying supine
Lowest parts of the body; pelvis and lateral flanks (gutters), should be examined for pathologic collections of fluid
Gastrosplenic ligament
Left lateral extension of the greater omentum
Connects the gastric greater curvature to the superior splenic hilum
Forms a portion of the left lateral border of the lesser sac
Splenorenal Ligament
Formed by the posterior reflection of the peritoneum of the spleen
Passes inferiorly to overlie the left kidney
Forms the posterior portion of the left lateral border of the lesser sac
Separates the lesser sac from the renosplenic recess
Lesser Omental Bursa
Subdivided into a larger lateroinferior recess and a smaller mediosuperior recess by the gastropancreatic folds, which are produced by the left gastric and hepatic arteries
Superior recess of the bursa surrounds the anterior, medial, and posterior surfaces of the caudate lobe, making the caudate a lesser sac structure.
Lesser sac collections may extend a considerable distance below the plane of the pancreas by inferiorly displacing the transverse mesocolon or extending into the inferior recess of the greater omentum.
Attachments of the peritoneum to the abdominal walls and organs help determine the way abnormal collections of fluid within the peritoneal cavity can collect or move.
no answer
