ABD Board-Prostate

Question 1

prostate is located in the

Answer 1

restroperitoneum

Question 2

prostate is bordered by

Answer 2

anteriorly by the pubic bone

posetiorly by the rectum

superiorly by the urinary bladder

inferiorly by the urogenital diaphragm

Question 3

arterial supply for prostate

Answer 3

inferior vesical artery,

branches from the internal iliac artery

Question 4

inferior portion of the gland situated superior to the urogenital diaphram

Answer 4

apex

Question 5

superior portion of the gland situated below the inferior margin of the urinary bladder

Answer 5

base

Question 6

two sac like out pouchings of the vas defferens situated adjacent to the suprerior/posterior aspect of the prostate, between the urinary bladder and rectum

Answer 6

seminal vesicles

Question 7

duct that passes through the central zone and empties into the urethra. This duct origiinates from the combination of the vas defferens and the seminal vesicle

Answer 7

ejaculatory ducts

Question 8

a longitudinal ridge within the urethra in which the orifices of the ejaculatory ducts are located on either side

Answer 8

verumontanum

Question 9

calcufication commonly seen in the inner gland of the prostate

Answer 9

corpora amylacea

Question 10

demarcation between the inner gland (central and transitional zones) and the outer gland (peripheral zone)

Answer 10

surgical capsule

Question 11

shadowing created by edge artifact or calcification of the prostatic urethra

Answer 11

eiffel tower sign

Question 12

prostate is divided into

Answer 12

5 zones

Question 13

posteriorly located portion of the prostate containging 70% of the prostatic glandular tissue, location of most cancers. Extends into the apex of the prostate

Answer 13

peripheral zone

Question 14

superiorly located portion of the prostate containing 25% of the glandular tissue. Ejaculatory ducts pass through this zone from the seminal vesicles to the urethra

Answer 14

central zone

Question 15

contains 5% of prostatic glandular tissue. It is the site of origin of benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 15

transitioinal zone

Question 16

anteriorly located non glandular portioin of the prostate. Non glandular tissue, thus it is not affected by cancer, prostatitis, or hyperplasia. It is connective tissue

Answer 16

fibromuscular stroma

Question 17

system used to evaluate the prognosis of the with prostate cancer

Answer 17

gleason grading system

higher score more progessed and worse prognosis

based upon it’s microscopic appearance

Question 18

lab values

Answer 18

prostate specific antigen (PSA)

increases with age and prostate volume (density)

elevates with prostate cancer, BPH, and Prostatitis

Question 19

Prostate specific antigen levels

Answer 19

10ng/ml most likely cancer

Question 20

appearance of prostate cancer

Answer 20

varied depending on size of lesion (focal vs diffuse) and background of the prostate (normal vs hyperplastic)

generally hypoechoic, peripherally oriented lesion

larger the lesion the higher the PSA levels more likely to be cancer

Question 21

patient position for biopsy

take 10 samples

Answer 21

left lateral lithotomy (knee elbow posistion)

Question 22

ellipsoid formula

Answer 22

volume = height x width x length x 0.52

Question 23

enlargement of the transitional zone of the prostate

Answer 23

benign prostatic hyperplasia

symptons:

difficult initiation of voiding

urinary frequency

small stream

Question 24

prostate anomaly associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis

Answer 24

seminal vesicle agenesis

Question 25

prostate anomaly that can be seen posterior to the bladder and arises from the seminal vesicle cephalic to the prostate gland. Associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis or dysplasia and atresia of the ejaculatory duct

Answer 25

seminal vesicle cysts

Question 26

anomaly with a tear drop shape with a midline location at the level of the verumontanum and are associated with hypospadias and unilateral renal agenesis

Answer 26

utricle cysts

Question 27

anomaly that has a midline location that are difficult or impossible to distinguish from a prostatic utrcle cyst

Answer 27

mullerian duct cyst

Question 28

anomaly that result in hematospermia ejaculatory pain and infertility

Answer 28

ejaculatory duct cysts