ABD Board-ABD Vasculature

Question 1

three types of aortic aneurysms

Answer 1

true

false or pseudo

dissecting

Question 2

small saccular aneurysm commonly located in the cerebrum

Answer 2

berry

Question 3

infected aneurysm

Answer 3

mycotic

Question 4

weakening of the media in severe atherosclerosis

Answer 4

atherosclerotic

Question 5

spindle shaped dilatation in which the stretching process affects the entire circumference of the artery

most common

Answer 5

fusiform

Question 6

localized spherical outpouching of the vessel wall

Answer 6

saccular

Question 7

involve all three layers

common cause is arteriosclerotic disease

mostly fusiform and rarely saccular

mostly distal (infrarenal)

50% increase over normal diameter

iliac and popliteal artery aneurysms are commonly associated

Answer 7

true aneurysm

Question 8

result from injury to the vessel wall and extravasated blood is walled off by the surrounding tissue

most common cause is trauma

Answer 8

false aneurysms

Question 9

pseudoaneurysm is commonly used when talking about

Answer 9

peripheral arteries

Question 10

usually originate at the aortic arch in the thorax

separation of the intima from the media of the aortic wall

can extend into the carotid arteries or down the AO to the femoral arteries

Answer 10

dissecting aneurysms

Question 11

most common etiology for dissecting aneurysm

Answer 11

latrogenic cardiac intervention

Question 12

if the aneurysm is infrarenal the patient may be a canidate for

Answer 12

endovascular stent graft repair

inserted into the groin

Question 13

rare, represents as recurring postrandial ABD pain and wight loss

Answer 13

mesenteric ischemia

typically occlusion of two of three vessels will present symptoms

celiac axis

SMA

IMA

symptoms can present with one vessel occluded usually the SMA

Question 14

mesenteric artery stenosis criteria

Answer 14

SMA velocity > 275 cm/sec

CA velocity > 200 cm/sec

Question 15

complression of the proximal celiac axis by the median arcuate ligament of the diaphragm

ABD pain due to intestinal ischema or compression of the celiac nerve plexus

Answer 15

celiac axis compression syndrome

AKA

arcuate ligament compression syndrome

Question 16

the median arcuate ligament complresses the ventral aspect of the celiac axis producing an S shaped celiac axis and a significant stenosis

Answer 16

celiac axis complression syndrome on expiration

Question 17

the celiac axis straightens and the stenosis diappears and elevated systolic velocitied decrease to normal values (

Answer 17

celiac axis complression syndrome on inspiration

Question 18

when a elevated celiac axis velocity is discovered the sonographer should

Answer 18

compare expriation and inspiratioin doppler velocities

Question 19

an abnormal connection between an artery and a vein

Answer 19

arteriouvenous shunts or fistula

Question 20

ateriovenous shunts are commonly associated with

Answer 20

angiographic punctures of the comon femoral artery just inferior to the groin

Question 21

other associations with arteriovenous shunts

Answer 21

trauma

surgery

biopsy

inflammation

neoplasm or congenital formatioin

Question 22

ateriovenous shunts may repsent as

Answer 22

a bruit or a thrill depending on location

hypertension

cardiomegaly

heart failure

Question 23

sonographic characteristics of an arteriovenous shunt

Answer 23

color flow bruit

pulsatile venous flow

low resistive arterial flow

Question 24

the result of renal biopsy

percutaneous renal biopsy most common known cause

12-50% of biopsys result in this

will produce high velocity, low resistance waveform

Answer 24

intrarenal arteriouvenous shunts