ABD Board-Pancreas

Question 1

panc lie in the

Answer 1

anterior pararenal space of the retroperitoneal

between the duodenal loop and the splenic hilum

Question 2

function of panc to secrete trypsin, lipase, and amylase through the ductal system

Answer 2

exocrine

Question 3

function of panc to secrete insulin via the islets of langerhans

Answer 3

endocrine function (non ductal)

Question 4

normal anterior posterior measurment of panc

Question 5

what overlies the anterior border of the panc body and tail

Answer 5

posterior wall of stomach

Question 6

head of panc is ____ to the IVC

Answer 6

anterior

Question 7

head of panc is _____ to the duodenum

Answer 7

medial

Question 8

CBD is ______ ______ to the panc head

Answer 8

posterior lateral

Question 9

GDA is _____ _____ to the panc head

Answer 9

anterior lateral

Question 10

GDA is ________ to the CBD in panc head

Answer 10

anterior

Question 11

superior mesenteric artery and vein are ______ to the neck of the panc

Answer 11

posterior

Question 12

SMA and vein are _____ to the uncinate process

Answer 12

anterior

Question 13

SMV is on the _____ side of the panc neck compairted to the SMA

Answer 13

right

Question 14

the panc tail is located _____ and _____ to the splenic hilum

Answer 14

anterior and medial

Question 15

ao is _____ to the body of the panc

Answer 15

posterior

Question 16

celiac axis arises from the ao at the _______ border of the panc

Answer 16

superior

Question 17

SMA arises from the ao at the ______ border of the panc

Answer 17

inferior

Question 18

the splenic artery follows a torturous course along the ____ border of the body and tail of the panc

Answer 18

superior

Question 19

the celiac axis gives of the ___ _____ ________ and then divides into the _____ _____ _______ and the ______ ______

Answer 19

left gastric artery

common hepatic artery

splenic artery

Question 20

the CHA divides into the ______ _____ _____ and the _______ _________

Answer 20

proper hepatic A

gastroduodenal arteries

Question 21

the PHA travels ______ toward the liver _____ to the portal vein and _____ of the bile duct

Answer 21

superiorly

anterior

left

Question 22

normal panc duct measures

Question 23

panc duct dilatation is typically due to

Answer 23

stones within the duct of wirsung from chronic pancreatits or a stone at the ampulla of vater

Question 24

which part of the duodadanum is in contact with the panc head

Answer 24

c loop (2nd portion)

Question 25

inflammatory disease producing temp pancreatic changes

Answer 25

acute pancreatitis if does not resolve can bcome chronic or pseudocyst formation

Question 26

most common causes of acute pancreatitis

Answer 26

gallstones alcohol abuse

Question 27

appearance of acute pancreatitis

Answer 27

enlarged hypoechoic

Question 28

inflammatory mass formed by edema and leakage of pancreatic enzymes

Answer 28

pancreatic phlegmon (foacal pancreatitis)

Question 29

a spreading of inflammatory reaction to an infection which forms a suppurative lesion

Answer 29

phlegmon

Question 30

irreversible destruction due to repeated pouts of pancreatic inflammation

Answer 30

chronic pancreatitis most common cause is alcoholic

Question 31

elevation of serum amylase and lipase are found only during _____ ______ of pancreatitis

Answer 31

acute attacks

Question 32

appearance on chronic pancreatitis

Answer 32

small echogenic calcification pancreatic duct dilatation pseudocyst formation bile duct dilatation portal vein thrombosis

Question 33

exocrine gland disorder resulting in viscous secretions causing pancreatic dysfunction

Answer 33

cystic fibrosis

Question 34

multiple pancreatic cysts are associated with

Answer 34

adult polycystic kidney disease and von hippel lindau syndrome otherwise panc cysts are rare

Question 35

appearance of cystic fibrosis

Answer 35

increased pancreatic echogenicity gland atrophy fibrosis and fatty replacement cysts due to ductal obstruction

Question 36

common associated condition with cystic fibrosis

Answer 36

meconium ileus

Question 37

accumulation of pancreatic fluid and necrotic debris confined by the retroperitoneum

Answer 37

pancreatic pseudocysts attempt to prevent further tissue damage by walling off secretions contain high amounts of amylase lipase and trypsin

Question 38

fluid fills the ______ with a pseudocyst

Answer 38

lesser peritoneal sac

Question 39

failure of the dorsal and ventral pancreatic ductal systems to fuse during embryonic development resulting i the smaller santorinis duct draining the panc

Answer 39

pancreas divisum

Question 40

pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Answer 40

90% of ppl present with lymphatic and metastatic spread of tumor mean age is 55 typically arises from head

Question 41

symptoms of pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Answer 41

abd/back pain jaundice (painless) weight loss

Question 42

appearance of pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Answer 42

solid hypoechoic mass

Question 43

whipple procedure (pancreaticoduodenectomy performed with cancer of head of panc

Answer 43

head of panc, a portion of the bile duct, the GB, and duodenum are removed. The remaining pancreas and bile duct are sutured back to the intestines to direct secretion back to the gut

Question 44

benign associated with von hippel lindau disease cluster of grape like cysts external lobulation cluster of small cysts may appear as solid mass

Answer 44

pancreatic serous cystadenoma

Question 45

uncommon malignant or potentially malignant large multicystic mass with numerous septations and debris increased CEA levels (carcinoembryoic antigen)

Answer 45

mucinous cystic neoplasms

Question 46

islet cell tumors

Answer 46

endocrine tumors uncommon associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia (men-1) von hippel lindau disease (VHL) mostly in tail and body

Question 47

most common islet cell tumor

Answer 47

insulinoma usually benign

Question 48

2nd most common islet cell tumor frequently malignant

Answer 48

gastrinoma (zollinger-ellison syndrome)

Question 49

other islet cell tumores

Answer 49

glucagonoma vopoma somatostatinoma

Question 50

inher ited endocrine disorder 2 types

Answer 50

multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 1 wermer syndrome type 2 sipples syndrome

Question 51

most common site of involvement for multiple endocine neoplasia (MEN)

Answer 51

parathyroids (hyperthyroidism) pancreatic islets cells (gastrinomas/insulimnomas) pituitary glands (prolactinomas) adreanal glands (pheochromocytomas) thyroid (medullary thryooid carcinoma)

Question 52

the CBD is _________ to the head of the panc

Answer 52

posterior lateral

Question 53

gastroduodenal artery is _____ to the head of the panc

Answer 53

anterior lateral

Question 54

sma and smv are ____ to the neck of the panc

Answer 54

posterior

Question 55

unicate process is _____ to the sma and smv

Answer 55

posterior

Question 56

ao is _____ to the body of the panc

Answer 56

posterior

Question 57

celiac axis is ____ to the panc

Answer 57

superior

Question 58

splenic vein is ________ to the panc

Answer 58

posteriorinferior

Question 59

sma and smv are ____ to the 3rd protion of the duodenum

Answer 59

anterior

Question 60

smv is to the ____ of the sma

Answer 60

right

Question 61

stomach is _____ ____ to the spenic himum

Answer 61

anterior medial

Question 62

stomach is _____ to the panc body and tail

Answer 62

anterior

Question 63

tail of panc is ___ to the stomach

Answer 63

posterior

Question 64

tail of panc is ____ to the upper pole of the lt kidney

Answer 64

anterior

Question 65

splenic artery is ____ ____ to the panc

Answer 65

superior anterior

Question 66

enzyme produced by the panc and salivary glands, increases with dysfunction of panc and salivary glands

Answer 66

amylase also excreted by kidneys

Question 67

____ ____ levels are parallel to amylase levels but rise later and persist longer

Answer 67

serum lipase