Aani Haem: Leukaemia

Question 1

Which protein presence indicates a worse prognosis in CLL?

Answer 1

CD38 and ZAP70

Question 2

Which protein presence indicates CLL?

Answer 2

CD5 & CD23

Question 3

Which staging is used in CLL?

Answer 3

Binet (A,B,C)

Question 4

What is it called when CLL turns into a lymphoma?

Answer 4

Richter’s Transformation

Question 5

Which syndrome is associated with CLL?

Answer 5

Evan’s Syndrome

Question 6

Which Leukaemia is Evan’s Syndrome associated with?

Answer 6

CLL

Question 7

What is the management of CLL?

Answer 7

1. Chlorambucil
2. Fludarabine
3. Alemtuzumab

Question 8

Which cells are seen in a CLL blood film?

Answer 8

Smear Cells

Question 9

Which M group is APL? (Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia)

Answer 9

M3

Question 10

M4 and M5 are which type of AML?

Answer 10

Acute Monocytic Leukaemia

Question 11

Which Leukaemia makes you more prone to DIC?

Answer 11

APL (a type of AML)

Question 12

Which chromosomal abnormality is seen in APL?

Answer 12

15;17 translocation

Question 13

How to treat M3 (APL) ?

Answer 13

ATRA or Arsenic

Question 14

Which protein are seen in AML blood film?

Answer 14

Auer rods

Question 15

Which 2 stains can be used to identify AML?

Answer 15

Sudan Black B

Myeloperoxidase

Question 16

Which leukaemia affects children?

Answer 16

ALL

Question 17

Which leukaemia affects skin and gums?

Answer 17

M4/M5 of AML (monocytic)

Question 18

Which leukaemia has philadelphia chromosome?

Answer 18

CML - 90+%

ALL - 25%

Question 19

What are the symptoms in ALL?

Answer 19

• Thymic enlargement
• Testicular enlargement
• CNS involvement
• Lymphadenopathy
• Bone pain
• Infections
• Bleeding
• Anaemia/fatigue
• Hepatosplenomegaly

Question 20

How long is maintenance therapy in ALL for girls and boys?

Answer 20

3 years for boys

2 years for girls

Question 21

What are the phases of CML?

Answer 21

CAB
Chronic
Accelerated
Blast

Question 22

What do you give to treat CML?

Answer 22

Imatinib (Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor)

Question 23

Describe the philadelphia chromosome

Answer 23

BRC-ABL Translocation 9:22 (all on 22) (ABL came onto 22 from 9)

Question 24

Which gender is most affected in CLL?

Answer 24

Males

Question 25

Which cells are seen in 15;17 translocation APL?

Answer 25

Faggot cells

Question 26

In which phase should we treat CML?

Answer 26

Chronic

Question 27

In which phase of CML do pts get splenomegaly?

Answer 27

Accelerated

Question 28

ALL poor prognostic factors?

Answer 28

Poor prognostic factors
age < 2 years or > 10 years
WBC > 20 * 109/l at diagnosis
T or B cell surface markers
non-Caucasian
male sex

Question 29

What is Evan’s Syndrome?

Answer 29

When you have CLL and it can trigger autoimmune anaemias e.g. TTP and AIHA

Question 30

Describe the stages of Binet staging?

Answer 30

A: <3 enlarged lymph node groups
B: > 3 enlarged lymph node groups
C: >3 lymph node groups plus anaemia/thrombocytopaenia