Aani CP: Lipoprotein Metabolism

Question 1

Which protein is used to transport Cholesterol across the intestinal brush border into blood?

Answer 1

NPC 1L1

Question 2

Which proteins bring Cholesterol back into intestine from blood?

Answer 2

ABC G5 and ABC G8

Question 3

How to reduce LDL cholesterol?

Answer 3

Statins

Question 4

Which lipoproteins are good: HDL or LDL?

Answer 4

HDL

Question 5

What are the 4 categories of dyslipidaemia?

Answer 5

Primary Hypercholestremia
Primary Hypertriglyceridemia
Mixed Hyperlipidaemia
Hypolipidaemia

Question 6

What are the 3 conditions in Primary Hypertriglyeridemia

Answer 6

Familial 1
Familial 4
Familial 5

Question 7

What is deficient in Familial 1 Hypertriglyceridemia?

Answer 7

ApoC or lipoprotien lipase

Question 8

What is wrong in Familial 4 Hypertriglyeridemia?

Answer 8

High triglycerides

Question 9

What is deficient in Familial Hypertriglyceridemia 5?

Answer 9

ApoA 5

Question 10

PCSK9 is seen in which lipid metabolism disorder?

Answer 10

Familial Hypercholesterolaemia (autosomal dominant type)

Question 11

Dominant Homozygous Familial Hyeprcholesteroleamia is caused by which mutations?

Answer 11

PCSK9, ApoB, LDL R mutation

Question 12

Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolaemia is caused by which mutations?

Answer 12

LDLRAP1

Question 13

What features do you get in heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolaemia ?

Answer 13

Tendon Xanthoma, Xanthelasma, Corneal Arcus

Question 14

Which lipoprotein disorder gives you eruptive xanthoma papules?

Answer 14

Familial Hypertriglyceridemia Type 1

and Familial Dys-beta-lipoproteinaemia

Question 15

What is the mutation in Hyper alpha lipoprotein?

Answer 15

CEPT

Question 16

What is the mutation(s) you get in Phytosterolaemia?

Answer 16

ABC G5 and G8

Question 17

What are the causes of Mixed Hyperlipidaemia?

Answer 17

• Familial Hepatic lipase deficiency
• Familial combined Hyperlipidaemia
• Familial dys-Beta-lipoprotinaemia

Question 18

Which type of fatty acids are good?

Answer 18

Cis

Question 19

Which type of fatty acids are bad?

Answer 19

Trans

Question 20

Which chylomicron protein increases risk of Alzheimer’s?

Answer 20

ApoE E4 (watch Alzheimer shows on E4)

Question 21

What symptoms do you get in ApoE E2 Type 3 deficiency? (Familial dys-beta- lipoproteinaemia?

Answer 21

Yellow palmar crease and fatty liver and eruptive xanthoma on skin

Question 22

What is the mutation in Tangier Disease?

Answer 22

ABC A1 - HDL deficiency

Question 23

What is the mutation in Hypo-beta-lipoproteinaemia?

Answer 23

Truncated apoB protein

Question 24

Which lipoprotein can be high in untreated diabetes?

Answer 24

VLDL

Question 25

Familial combined hyperlipidaemia is thought to involve an increase in synthesis of which apolipoprotein?

Answer 25

Apo B 100

Question 26

The most common cause in the Western world for secondary hyperlipidaemia?

Answer 26

Diabetes Mellitus

Question 27

There is high-density lipoprotein (HDL) deficiency as a result of ABC AI mutations?

Answer 27

Tangier Disease

Question 28

This inborn error of metabolism is tested for universally, across the United Kingdom a few days after birth?

Answer 28

MCADD (medium chain co-A dehydrogenase deficiency)

Question 29

A form of inherited disease that causes high levels of VLDL and chylomicrons in the plasma. It is sometimes due to apoA V deficiency?

Answer 29

Familial Hypertriglyceridaemia V

Question 30

Cause hydrolysis of chylomicron remnants and release glycerol and fatty acids into the cell, which may be used for energy or stored for later use

Answer 30

Lisosomes

Question 31

Activate lipoprotein lipase via apolipoprotein C-II

Answer 31

Chylomicrons

Question 32

Particles formed when triacylglycerol and cholesterol are assembled with apolipoprotein B-100?

Answer 32

VLDL

Question 33

Encoded by the APOC2 gene?

Answer 33

Apo C II

Question 34

What does PCSK9 do?

Answer 34

Binds to LDLR and promotes its degradation (therefore increases LDL)

Question 35

Novel form of LDL therapy?

Answer 35

Anti-PCSK9 MAb