A5 - part 2 extra tutorials MSK

Question 1

proximal insertion of hamstrings

distal insertion of quadriceps

Answer 1

• HS; isichial tuberosity

- Q; patella and tibial tuberosity via patella tendon

Question 2

pelvic brims divides what?

Answer 2

false & true pelvis

Question 3

false and true pelvis ?

Answer 3

false pelvis = greater pelvis = superior pelvis
its just the superior part that includes the ileum etc
true pelvis is from the pubic symphysis down and outwards. aka lesser pelvis and inferior pelvis

Question 4

obturator internus passes through ?
and piriformis ?
- main function of these muscles

Answer 4

• lesser sciatic foramen
• greater sciatic foramen
• lateral rotation

wiki images vv good

Question 5

pelvis and peritoneum separated by what MUSCLE (hint)

Answer 5

levator ani

muscle that cover posterior pelvic wall

Question 6

what passes through levator ani in males and females

Answer 6

males ; spermatic cord

females ; round ligament of uterus

Question 7

urogenital diapragm ;

• aka
• what it attatches too?
• what structures pass through it

Answer 7

• perineal membrane
• penis/clitoris
• M; urethra , F; urethra & vagina

Question 8

feature of shaft of femur?

• ant/posterior?
• nb for ?

Answer 8

linea aspera

• posterior
• insertion point for adductors muscles (note that when studied in more detail they will have other insertion points also)

Question 9

meniscus of knee

• shape?
• menisci are made of?
• function?
• location

Answer 9

• shape ; c SHAPED, semi-lunar
• made of? FIBROCARTILAGE
• help spread the forces through the condyles and a slight cushioning effect - SHOCK ABSORBERS
• anterior part of the knee each on a SIDE. medial and lateral or R&L

Question 10

collateral ligaments of knee;

• location
• function

Answer 10

• medial & lateral ;
• M; femur to tibia
• l; femur to fibula

function ; stabilise the knee

Question 11

ACL and PCL function and location

Answer 11

ACL: prevent posterior displacement of femur on the tibia
PCL: prevent anterior displacement of the femur on the tibia

location: middle of the patella (ACL)
PCL: same position except posterior

Question 12

boundaries of femoral triangle

what’s within the femoral triangle

Answer 12

LATERAL: sartorius ; superficial, ant muscle of thigh that runs inferior & medially

SUPERIOR: inguinal ligament

MEDIAL: abductor longus

2) Femoral VAN (medial to lateral direction) and femoral lymph and ?

Question 13

hamstrings function at HIP

@ knee

Answer 13

• EXTENSION

- flexion

Question 14

great saphenous vein run ant or post???

Answer 14

mainly medial SO on the cuff of ant & post

small saphenous just posterior

Question 15

van

Answer 15

M-L

Question 16

BOUNDARIES of popliteal fossa

Answer 16

hamstring muscles

• biceps femoris (most lateral)
• semitendinosus
• semimembranosus (most medial)
• GASTROCNEMIUS

Question 17

gastr0cnemius and soleus insert DISTALLY to ?

Answer 17

achiles tendon then ; CALCANEUS

Question 18

DEEP MUSCLES, post compartment of leg functions

Answer 18

• TP; inversion with TA
• FDL ; Flexes digita 2-5
• FHL; flexes big toe/ hallux

Question 19

blood supply to anterior part thigh

Answer 19

tibial artery

Question 20

nerve supply of foot

• ant (99% of ) ; superficial fibular nerve
• post ; tibial nerve

Answer 20

deep fibular nerve only supplies half of digit 1 and 2

Question 21

clavicle - features

Answer 21

sternal end, ACROMIAL end

Question 22

biceps origins and insertions

tricep attatchments

Answer 22

biceps
proximal; long head; supraglenoid tubercle , short head ; coracoid process
distal ; radial tuberosity of radius

triceps ;
proximal; infraglenoid tubercle
distal; olecranon of ulna

Question 23

what runs in bicipital groove

where is it ?

Answer 23

long tendon of biceps brachii

on humerus

Question 24

what else runs ON humerus and in what groove

what else runs in this groove

Answer 24

RADIAL nerve in the radial groove

brachial artery

Question 25

Coracoacromial ligament function

Answer 25

- prevents superior displacement of humerus

Question 26

muscles bordering axilla anteriorly and posteriorly

Answer 26

post: lats dorsi ant: pec major

Question 27

brachial plexus cords order

Answer 27

lateral posterior medial

Question 28

muscles in anterior forearm/ flexors origin | muscles in posterior forearm/ extensors origin

Answer 28

- medial epicondyle | - lateral epicondyle (of HUMERUS )

Question 29

WHAT movements does annular ligament assist

Answer 29

pronation and supination

Question 30

deep flexor tendons - aka - function

Answer 30

- flexor digitorum profundus | - flex dip joints

Question 31

nerve supply of dorsal and ventral interosseoi

Answer 31

uLNAR nerve

Question 32

acetabular labrum: what is it

Answer 32

cartilage that surrounds the acetabulum

Question 33

tibial plateau: where is it located and its contents

Answer 33

v top surface of tibia | - contains M&L condyles and intercondylar eminence

Question 34

function of gluteus medius and minimus (2)

Answer 34

- ABduction | - keeps pelvis straight when we walking

Question 35

hamstring ,muscles from medial to lateral: action @ knee action @ hip

Answer 35

semimembranosus semitendinosus biceps femoris flexion extension

Question 36

where does the SARTORIUS muscle originate from

Answer 36

ASIS of pelvis and runs inferomedially

Question 37

femoral artery = a branch of:

Answer 37

external iliac artery

Question 38

where does the Great Saphenous vein drain to | where does it start - at whoch malleolus

Answer 38

femoral vein | medial malleoulus

Question 39

butt injection - safest in which quadrant

Answer 39

upper lateral to avoid the sciatic nerve

Question 40

how does the femoral nerve enter the leg?

Answer 40

underneath the inguinal canal | makes sense considering the borders of the femoral triangle

Question 41

revise all the arteries and veins

Answer 41

anatomy book

Question 42

what carpal bone attatches to the tibia

Answer 42

TALUS

Question 43

Medial ligament of the foot aka

Answer 43

DELTOID ligament

Question 44

how to distinguish between fibularis brevis and longus by origins where of they run fot the most part from the femur, i.e near fibula or tibia, M or L etc

Answer 44

longus: starts at the top of the femur, travels down to its distal insertion: medial cuneiform of the 1st metatarsal brevis: covered by the longus for the most part. starts more distally by the femur. distal insertion is the 5th metatarsal posterior to the LATERAL malleolus - fibula

Question 45

identify the structures at the medial malleolus:

Answer 45

tibialis posterior post tibial artery and veins tibial nerve flexor hallucis longus flexor digitorum longus

Question 46

what nerves cause INVERSION of the foot

Answer 46

muscles: TP & TA | thus whatever nerves innervate them: deep fibular and tibial nerve

Question 47

anterior part of the foot is mainly supplied by what nerve

Answer 47

superficial fibular nerve!

Question 48

what is the spermatic cord:

Answer 48

formed by the vas deferens with tissue layering it. starts within the pelvis quite high up wiki images is v good eg. one of the layers comes from the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle

Question 49

costal and dorsal meanings

Answer 49

costal: anterior dorsal: posterior

Question 50

which tuberosity on the humerus is most laterally located

Answer 50

greater tuberosity

Question 51

humerus: anatomical vs surgical neck

Answer 51

NB distinction on diagram

Question 52

trochlea or capitulum = medial or lateral

Answer 52

``` trochlea = medial capitulum = lateral ``` this makes sense as trochlea of humerus and trochlear notch of ULNAR bone which is medial articulate

Question 53

brachial plexus: rhyme

Answer 53

``` rude - roots tennagers - trunks drink - divisions crazy - cords (lateral, posterior, medial) naggins - nerves ```

Question 54

biceps brachii action at forearm

Answer 54

SUPINATION very minimal contribution

Question 55

FOREARM MUSCLE ACTIONS:

Answer 55

ant: flexion and pronation post: extension and supination

Question 56

brachial artery splits into

Answer 56

radial and ulnar artery

Question 57

use of median cubital vein

Answer 57

venepuncture - taking blood

Question 58

deep flexor tendons function | lumbricals function

Answer 58

- flexion of DIP joints | - flexion of MCP. extension of PIP and DIP joints

Question 59

what do we find deep to the flexor retinaculum and what contents lie in this space

Answer 59

- carpal tunnel: median nerve and long flexor tendons

Question 60

actions possible at the sacpulathoracic joint

Answer 60

elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, retraction

Question 61

function of latisumus dorsi

Answer 61

ADduction extension rotation

Question 62

muscle in the forearm

Answer 62

ant: pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, flexor digitorum superficialis post: abductor pollicis longus, extensor digitorum, extensor carpi ulnaris (extension of the