A4 : NERVOUS SYSTEM

Question 1

PNS :

CNS:

Answer 1

Cranial & spinal nerves

Brain and spinal cord

Question 2

Multipolar

Pseudounipolar

Answer 2

Motor neurones

Sensory neurones

Question 3

Grey matter contents vs white matter contents

Answer 3

Grey: cell bodies, dendrites & axons

White : only axons

Question 4

Motor is … but sensory is …

Answer 4

M- ANT

S- POSTERIOR

Question 5

Spinal nerves pass through what’s of vertebral column

Answer 5

Intervertebral foramen

Question 6

Location of cell bodies for 
Somatic sensory
Somatic motor 
Visceral afferent
Symp & para symp:

Answer 6

Dorsal root ganglion ??

ventral horn

Dorsal root ganglion

LaterAl horn

Question 7

Exception for CN 3,7,9,10 cell bodies are located

Answer 7

In the nucleus – not LaterAl horn check this!!

Question 8

Splanchnic nerves

Answer 8

Supply organs
Can be SYMP or PARASYMP
Can be pre or post ganglionic

Question 9

Spinal cord starts, ends and becomes ?

Answer 9

Foramen magnum
L1/L2
Cauda équina

Question 10

Dorsal Ramus
Nerves will exit here if they want to supply?

& ventral ramus??

Answer 10

BACK - muscles of spine or sensation up the centre of the back

Limbs, front & LaterAl aspect of body & other musculature
Most things really and this it’s much BIGGER

Question 11

Differences in fibre length : pre and post ganglionic fibres between PARASYMP & SYMP

Answer 11

Parasymp has longer pre ganglionic fibres as it synapses near or at target organ

Question 12

What is the vertebral column

Answer 12

The vertebrae incl cervical thoracic etc

Aka spine !!

Question 13

Sympathetic nervous systems 
Neurones or fibres take different paths depending on what they are supplying 
Eg
Supplying limbs : the path is : 
CVS 
Pelvic organs or GI tract etc

Answer 13

Limbs : 
Enter (pre ganglionic ) 
Synapse in SC 
Leave (post ganglionic ) 
Return through dorsal or ventral rami depending on what they are supplying etc.

CVS :
Fibres do not re enter after synapsing in SC
go straight to organ

Pelvic/ GI organs
Do not synapse in SC
SYnapse in PRE VERTEBRAL GANGLIA ie in front of vertebrae

Question 14

Ridge in brain

Groove in brain

Answer 14

Gurus

Sulcus

Question 15

Corpus callosum

Answer 15

Conveys messages between l&r hemispheres

Question 16

Cerebellum

Answer 16

Fine control of movement, balance & co ordination

Question 17

Intervertebral discs are located where?

What type of joint do they form ?

Answer 17

Between BODIES of vertebrae

Symphysis

Question 18

Spina cord : starts , ends , & continues as?

Answer 18

Foramen magnum

L1/2

Cauda equina

Question 19

Vagus nerve arises from ?

Pelvic splanchnic nerves arise ?

Answer 19

Brain stem

Sacral spinal cord

Question 20

Why do we need sympathetic neurones in the limbs

Answer 20

To supply smooth muscle in blood vessels, glands, & erector pili muscles in the skin

Question 21

LaterAl horn contains

Answer 21

Cell bodies of pre vertebral sympathetic fibres

Also PARASYMP??

Question 22

If fibres dint synapse in SC where do they??

Answer 22

Pre vertebral ganglia - in front of vertebrae

Question 23

Erector spinae muscles lie ant or posterior to transverse processes?
What action do they have on the spine

Answer 23

POSTERIOR

Extend the spine

Question 24

What does the epidural space in the spine contain ?

Answer 24

Lymphatics , spinal nerve roots , fatty tissue , arteries

Question 25

Myotome :

Answer 25

GROUP OF MUSCLES THAT A SINGLE SPINAL NERVE INNERVATES

Question 26

Dermatome :

Answer 26

Area of skin supplied by one single cord segment

Question 27

Rami communiquant connect what?

Answer 27

Spinal nerves to SChain

Question 28

CN 3,7,9,10 location of cell bodies = exception

Answer 28

It’s in the NUCLEUS
not the LaterAl horn like all the pre ganglionic sympathetic ones are
All other parasympathetic ones- cellnbodies in LaterAl horn

Question 29

Dura mater has 2 layers :

Answer 29

Periostial & meningeal