A3- Patterns Of Development Flashcards
How is growth measured during children’s early years
0-2 - length
2+ - Height
Weight
Head circumference
Neurological development
The growth and development of the brain
Neuroscience
The study of how the brain grows and works
Axon
The part of the neuron where electricity travels
Axon terminal
And dendrite
A part in the neuron involved in making a connection with another neuron
Myelin
The substance that coats the axon
Myelination
The prices of myelin is formed
Nural pathway
A route for signals in the brain
Neuron
A brain cell
Synaps
A gap between 2 neurons for electrical impulses to pass over
What are the periods of nural growth spurts
0- 100 billion neurons
4- supports children’s fluency in language and speech
6-8- fine motor
10-12- growth in the frontal lobes (reasoning and logic)
13-15- physical coordination ability to use abstract thought
How does an understanding of patterns of development help practitioners?
1) to recognise a child’s stage of development
2) to support development
3) to anticipate them next stages of development
4) to recognise delays in development
Atypical development
The pattern and rate of a child’s development falls outside the expected range
Delayed global development
The development of the whole being is lower than expected
Specific delay
Delay in one or more particular parts
Gifted
The potential to develop abilities significantly ahead of other children of the same age
Talented
Demonstrating a higher than average skill in a particular area
What is the impacts of delay within social development
1) May not be able to socialise and play with other children
2) A knock in effect to physical development
3) May not seek or respond to opportunities for interaction with both adults and other children
4) communication skills, self esteem and development of speech and language delay
5) may find it hard to meet behavioural expectations
What are some potential impacts of a delay within cognitive development
1) struggle to cope with the abstract use of language
2) may only understand what is said when there are visual cues and props.
3) Shapes of letters correlate with sounds and so a child who has difficulty in processing in the abstract is more likely to have difficulty in understanding the link.
4) may not play in the same way as their peers
5) can lead to feelings of low self-esteem and may impact on their behaviour if they are excluded from play.
What are some potential impacts of a delay within language development
1) knock-on effect on their emotional and social development
2) will experience fewer opportunities to interact and play with other children.
3) behaviour can be affected
4) may become frustrated by being unable to join in other children’s play, or get upset as they are not being understood.
5) are likely to find it harder to talk about what has happened and use language to organise thought
Makaton
language programme used to help children with specific difficulties understand the spoken word.
What are some potential impacte of a delay within emotional development
1) miss out on opportunities to play with other children
2) find it difficult to manage behaviour
3) find it difficult to concentrate
What are some potential impact of a delay within physical development
1) exploring new materials in their environments will be more challenging
2) fewer opportunities for interaction
3) difficulty doing physical activities and games
4) not being able to join in with others games - feeling isolated and lonely
What could happen if the child shows to be advanced atypical
1) need support with other areas and managing what they know
2) help with forming relationships
3) may not be able to sustain interest in things they already know and other specific areas
4) may not be able to relise that they are different to some of their peers
5) lowered self esteem
6) may show unwanted behaviours because of lack of stimulation
Hereditary
Inherited from parents
