A2 - Turning To Crime - Upbringing - Poverty Flashcards
What study did P. O Wikström do?
The poverty in Peterborough study.
Who did the study investigating poverty and crime?
P. O Wikström
What did a study on young people on probation schemes find?
The study of the 1,389 young people on probation schemes found a link between poverty and crime.
What theory did Zimbardo come up with?
He came up with the ‘Broken Window Thesis’.
How was the broken window thesis tested? And what did it find? (3 points and 1 conclusive point)
- The window of a car was smashed and the tyre was removed.
- The car was placed in both a disadvantaged and affluent area.
- In both areas, the car was vandalised further.
- > When places aren’t maintained properly, this encourages further crime.
What kind of study was Wikström’s study?
Longitudinal
What was the sample for Wikström’s study?
2,000 young people from Peterborough aged 12-13 in 2004
What did the parents have to do?
Complete a retrospective questionnaire.
What did participants have to do?
Answer annual and biannual questionnaires.
What 3 types of offenders did Wikström come up with?
- Propensity Induced
- Lifestyle Dependent
- Situationally Limited
What is a ‘propensity induced’ offender?
Someone who frequently offends, regardless of lifestyle risk. They offend due to individual dispositions.
What is a ‘lifestyle dependent’ offender?
They offend depending on lifestyle, those with a high-risk lifestyle frequently offend. They also tend to spend to,e with delinquent peers.
What is a ‘situationally-limited’ offender?
They are offenders who are well-adjusted, but may offend if their lifestyle exposes them to a situational risk. Their offending depends on situational factors, e.g. Substance abuse is key in explaining occasional offending.
What is on advantage and disadvantage of the longitudinal study?
A - looks over the behaviour of the same boys over a long period of time to see their behaviour.
D - potentially high attrition rate
How is the sample biased?
The sample is ethnocentric, as it follows young people fro, Peterborough. So the findings can’t be generalised to the rest of the UK as well as to other cultures.
