A2: Transition Metals Flashcards
Define “Complex Ion”
- central metal ion
* surrounded by CO-ORDINATELY BONDED LIGANDS
Define “Co-ordination Number”
the NUMBER of CO-ORDINATE bonds formed to a Central Metal I🍩N
Define “Ligand”
an ATOM, ION or MOLECULE that can DONATE 🐮 a LONE electron PAIR
3 characteristics of Transition Metals:
- 🐱 Catalysis
- VOS Variable Oxidation States
- C🔴L🔵URED I⚫️NS
Why are Transition Metal Ions usually coloured?
- ONE C🔴L🔴UR of LIGHT 🔦 is ABSORBED to EXCITE 🙈🙉 the electron
- remaining C🔵L🔵UR is TRANSMITTED through the SOLUTION
Name of ligand that can form 2 co-ordinate bonds and example?
- bidenTate
* NH2CH2CH2NH2
Define “Transition Metal”
partially filled
🍆D
shell 🐚
One feature of SILVER Chemistry that is NOT a feature of Transition Metals:
colourLESS ⚪️
Give an example of a MULTIDENTATE ligand:
EDTA 4-
elizabeth
dona
tames
alan
Alternative analytical method for determining the concentration of a solution?
ATOMIC
ABSORPTION
Electronic Config. of Copper Atom (29 electrons)
1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6
3d10, 4s1
Electronic Configurations for Transition Metals
2 rules
When filling up: always 4s1 then 3d…
When removing, always remove everything from 4s shell first
Define “Bi-dentate”
forms 2⃣ co-ordinate bonds 💗
Example of a LINEAR complex formed by a transition metal:
● [AgCl2] -
● [Ag (NH3)2]+
Formula for Tollen’s and what does it do?
- [Ag(NH3)2]+
* used to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones
Define HETEROgeneous:
in a diff. PHASE 💭
Why may any impurities in reactants cause problems whilst using Heterogenous Catalysts:
might BLOCK 🚫 Active 💃 Sites
Define “Autocatalysed”
catalyst 🐱 is a reaction PRODUCT
why are the complexes different C🔴L🔵URS?
- different LIGAND
- different D orbital energy
- different wavelengths of COLOURS of light 🔦 are absorbed by d electrons
- different wavelengths of COLOURs of 🔦 are REFLECTED
Planck Constant’s Equation
🔺E = hv
Units for “Frequency of Visible Light”
Hz
Features of Transition Metal Complexes that cause a change in the 🔺E value:
- IDENTITY of ligand
- IDENTITY of metal
- CHARGE on the METAL
Define “Oxidising Agent”
GAINS electrons and gets REDUCED
Define “Reducing Agent”
DONATES electrons and gets OXIDISED
