A2- Carboxylic Acids

Question 1

What type of acids are carboxylic acids?

Answer 1

weak (only partially ionise in water)

Question 2

What are MASH reactions?

Answer 2

Metal + acid -> salt + hydrogen

Question 3

How do MASH reactions react?

Answer 3

slower

Question 4

What are BASHO reactions?

Answer 4

base + acid -> salt + water

Question 5

What are CASHOCO reactions?

Answer 5

Carbonate + acid -> salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 6

How can carboxylic acids be formed?

Answer 6

oxidising a primary alcohol under reflux, with acidified potassium dichromate

Question 7

What is meant by the term derivative molecules, with regards to COOHs?

Answer 7

where the OH is replaced by another group

Question 8

What are the three derivatives of COOHs?

Answer 8

acyl anhydride (where H2O is removed from 2 COOH groups)
acyl chloride (OH replaced by Cl)
amide (OH replaced by NH2)

Question 9

how do acyl chlorides react?

Answer 9

nucleophilic addition-elimination reactions

Question 10

What is the equation for the reduction of COOHs? What reducing agent is used and why?

Answer 10

RCOOH + 4[H] –> RCHOH + H2O
LiAlH4 in dry ether
NaBH4 is not reactive enough