A109 Basic Navigation

Question 1

For Navigation, a pilot needs to know what?

Answer 1

• Starting point (point of departure)
• Ending point (final destination)
• Distance to travel
• Aircraft speed
• Wind

Question 2

Flight planning will determine?

Answer 2

• Direction of travel
• Time enroute
• Fuel burned
• Aircraft weight and balance
• Aircraft fuel capacity/ burn rate
• Aircraft load (people and equipment)

Question 3

Lines of Latitude run E/W, but they are measured how?

Answer 3

North and South

Question 4

Lines of Longtitude run N/S, but they are measured how?

Answer 4

East and West

Question 5

Is latitude or longitude stated first?

Answer 5

Latitude

Question 6

Where is magnetic North located?

Answer 6

Northern border of Canada

Question 7

Where is True North:

Answer 7

Where longitudinal
meridians converge

Question 8

What is Magnetic Variation?

Answer 8

Angular difference
between true north and magnetic north

Question 9

Magnetic Course (MC) Calculation =

Answer 9

True Course (TC) ± Variation (VAR)

Question 10

__________easterly variation, or______ westerly variation

Answer 10

Subtract, Add

“East is least, west is best.”

Question 11

What is Compass Deviation?

Answer 11

The magnetic compass is affected by influences within the aircraft (i.e., electrical circuits, radios, engines, magnetized metal parts, etc). These influences cause the compass needle to be deflected from its normal reading.

Question 12

What is a Compass Course?

Answer 12

True Course ± Variation = Magnetic Course / Magnetic Course ± Deviation = Compass Course

Question 13

A VFR Cruising Altitude flying East (0-179 deg) above 3000’ AGL would be?

Answer 13

Fly odd thousands plus 500 feet
ex. 9500,11500

Question 14

A VFR Cruising Altitude flying West (179-359 deg) above 3000’ AGL would be?

Answer 14

Fly even thousands plus 500 feet
* Examples: 6,500’, 8,500’ and 12,500

Question 15

During Daylight Savings Time (in the Summer), how many hours do you subtract?

Answer 15

1 hour

Question 16

What is Dead Reckoning?

Answer 16

Calculating a future position by starting with the current position and flying a planned speed, heading, and altitude for a planned amount of time.

(Time and Distance for navigation)

Question 17

What is Pilotage?

Answer 17

The use of visible landmarks to maintain a desired course. It is the basic form of
navigation for the pilot operating under Visual Flight Rules (VFR).

Question 18

What is the scale of a Sectional Aeronautical Chart?

Answer 18

1:500,000 scale

Question 19

What is the scale of a VFR Terminal Area Chart?

Answer 19

1:250,000 scale

Question 20

What are Contour Lines?

Answer 20

Lines connecting points on the Earth of equal elevation. On Sectional Aeronautical Charts, basic contours are
spaced at 500 foot intervals. Intermediate contours may also be shown at 250 foot intervals in moderately level or gently rolling areas.

Question 21

Terrain is shadowed on a chart as if?

Answer 21

It would appear in shadow
if illuminated by a light from the northwest.

Question 22

Know chart difference b/w obstructions that are above and below 1000’ AGL

Answer 22

Slide 39 A109

Question 23

What are two radio navigation systems that are primarily used for VFR navigation?

Answer 23

• VHF Omni-directional Range (VOR), Land-based
• Global Positioning System (GPS), Satellite-based

Question 24

GPS constellation of satellites is designed so that a users can view
at least __________________ from virtually any point on the planet.

Answer 24

Four satellites

Question 25

The 4 satellites a GPS receiver uses are deriving what from each satellite?

Answer 25

four satellites to yield a
three-dimension positional fix (latitude, longitude, and altitude) and a time solution

Question 26

GPS System uses what 3 segments?

Answer 26

• Space Segment
• User Segment
• Control Segment

Question 27

How do you change the Radio on the Garmin?

Answer 27

Large knob for big numbers, small knob for small numbers