A109 Basic Navigation Flashcards
For Navigation, a pilot needs to know what?
- Starting point (point of departure)
- Ending point (final destination)
- Distance to travel
- Aircraft speed
- Wind
Flight planning will determine?
- Direction of travel
- Time enroute
- Fuel burned
- Aircraft weight and balance
- Aircraft fuel capacity/ burn rate
- Aircraft load (people and equipment)
Lines of Latitude run E/W, but they are measured how?
North and South
Lines of Longtitude run N/S, but they are measured how?
East and West
Is latitude or longitude stated first?
Latitude
Where is magnetic North located?
Northern border of Canada
Where is True North:
Where longitudinal
meridians converge
What is Magnetic Variation?
Angular difference
between true north and magnetic north
Magnetic Course (MC) Calculation =
True Course (TC) ± Variation (VAR)
__________easterly variation, or______ westerly variation
Subtract, Add
“East is least, west is best.”
What is Compass Deviation?
The magnetic compass is affected by influences within the aircraft (i.e., electrical circuits, radios, engines, magnetized metal parts, etc). These influences cause the compass needle to be deflected from its normal reading.
What is a Compass Course?
True Course ± Variation = Magnetic Course / Magnetic Course ± Deviation = Compass Course
A VFR Cruising Altitude flying East (0-179 deg) above 3000’ AGL would be?
Fly odd thousands plus 500 feet
ex. 9500,11500
A VFR Cruising Altitude flying West (179-359 deg) above 3000’ AGL would be?
Fly even thousands plus 500 feet
* Examples: 6,500’, 8,500’ and 12,500
During Daylight Savings Time (in the Summer), how many hours do you subtract?
1 hour
What is Dead Reckoning?
Calculating a future position by starting with the current position and flying a planned speed, heading, and altitude for a planned amount of time.
(Time and Distance for navigation)
What is Pilotage?
The use of visible landmarks to maintain a desired course. It is the basic form of
navigation for the pilot operating under Visual Flight Rules (VFR).
What is the scale of a Sectional Aeronautical Chart?
1:500,000 scale
What is the scale of a VFR Terminal Area Chart?
1:250,000 scale
What are Contour Lines?
Lines connecting points on the Earth of equal elevation. On Sectional Aeronautical Charts, basic contours are
spaced at 500 foot intervals. Intermediate contours may also be shown at 250 foot intervals in moderately level or gently rolling areas.
Terrain is shadowed on a chart as if?
It would appear in shadow
if illuminated by a light from the northwest.
Know chart difference b/w obstructions that are above and below 1000’ AGL
Slide 39 A109
What are two radio navigation systems that are primarily used for VFR navigation?
- VHF Omni-directional Range (VOR), Land-based
- Global Positioning System (GPS), Satellite-based
GPS constellation of satellites is designed so that a users can view
at least __________________ from virtually any point on the planet.
Four satellites
The 4 satellites a GPS receiver uses are deriving what from each satellite?
four satellites to yield a
three-dimension positional fix (latitude, longitude, and altitude) and a time solution
GPS System uses what 3 segments?
- Space Segment
- User Segment
- Control Segment
How do you change the Radio on the Garmin?
Large knob for big numbers, small knob for small numbers
