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IFT Academics > A104 Airplane Performance > Flashcards

A104 Airplane Performance Flashcards

1
Q

What are the effects of Weight?

A
  • Lower weight reduces fuel burn, thrust requirements, stalling speed, etc.
  • As weight increases, overall aircraft performance decreases
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2
Q

Excess weight reduces performance by:

A
  • Higher required takeoff speed
  • Longer takeoff run
  • Reduced rate and angle of climb
  • Lower maximum altitude
  • Shorter range
  • Reduced cruising speed
  • Reduced maneuverability
  • Higher stalling speed
  • Higher approach & landing speed
  • Longer landing roll
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3
Q

Define Basic Empty Weight

A

The airframe, engines, and all items of operating
equipment that have fixed locations and are permanently installed in the aircraft.
It includes fixed ballast, hydraulic fluid, unusable fuel, and full engine oil.

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4
Q

Define Useful Load

A

Weight of the pilot, passengers, baggage, usable fuel, and
drainable oil

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5
Q

Define Max ramp weight

A

Total weight of loaded aircraft, includes all fuel. It is
heavier than takeoff weight due to fuel burned during the taxi and run-up ops.

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6
Q

What is the definition of Maximum takeoff weight?

A

The maximum allowable weight for takeoff

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7
Q

Standard weight for AV 100LL?

A

6.0lbs per gal

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8
Q

Standard weight for AV Oil?

A

7.5lbs per gal

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9
Q

Effects of Balance

A

The prime concern of balancing the aircraft is the fore and aft location of the
Center of Gravity (CG) along the longitudinal axis.

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10
Q

What is the Center of Gravity?

A

The balance point of an aircraft.

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11
Q

What is the Datum Line?

A

an imaginary vertical plane from which all arm measurements are taken.

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12
Q

Aft CG does what to Stall Speed?

A

Lowers stall speed.

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13
Q

Aft CG does what to cruise speed?

A

Higher cruise speed with less drag b/c less lift is required of the wings

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14
Q

Aft CG requires ______ downward force on the tail to maintain straight and level flight

A

Less

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15
Q

Forward CG requires ______ downward force on the tail to maintain straight and level flight

A

More

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16
Q

Forward CG does what to Stall Speed?

A

Increases

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17
Q

Forward CG does what to stability?

A

More Stable

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18
Q

Forward CG does what to Cruise Speed?

19
Q

Aft CG does what to stability?

A

Less stable

20
Q

Method for determining the weight and balance of an aircraft?

A

Graphs and tables provided by the aircraft manufacturer

21
Q

2 Biggest Factors for Weight at IFT

A

Aircrew Weight
Fuel Amount

22
Q

When could Minimum Fuel be a problem?

A

Could be an Issue if:
* Very Heavy
* Low on Fuel
* Near or into the fuel
reserves

23
Q

Lifting capacity of the a/c is based on what?

A

Depends upon the design of the wing, the speed at which the wing moves through the air, and the density of the air.

24
Q

Where is air most dense?

A

Close to surface

25
Q

Does less dense air give better or worse performance?

A

Worse performance.

26
Q

3 main characteristics of air that directly affect aircraft
performance:

A

 Air Pressure
 Temperature
 Humidity

27
Q

Higher air temperature equals

A

Lower air density

28
Q

Lower air density means

A

Decreased a/c performance

29
Q

Is water vapor heavier or lighter than air?

30
Q

Dry air does what to performance?

A

Better performance versus high humidity

31
Q

Of the performance factors, which is the least signifcant?

32
Q

Standard Sea Level Barometric Pressure

33
Q

Standard Sea Level Temperature:

34
Q

Standard Relative humidity:

35
Q

Standard temperature lapse rate:

A

2°C decrease / 1,000 feet altitude increase

36
Q

Standard pressure lapse rate:

A

1 inch Hg decrease / 1,000 feet altitude increase

37
Q

What is Pressure Altitude?

A

The height in
the ISA that corresponds to currently sensed pressure around the aircraft.

The height above (or below) the standard datum plane

38
Q

Low altimeter settings are ______ for performance?

39
Q

What is density altitude?

A
  • Pressure altitude corrected for nonstandard temperature variations
    (Increased temp will increase DA)
  • Equals pressure altitude in a standard atmosphere
40
Q

What is Landing roll distance?

A

The distance from touchdown (TD) until the
airplane comes to a stop by using the recommended braking technique

41
Q

What is Landing Distance?

A

To clear a 50 foot obstacle, cumulative distance from
beginning of runway to when the landing roll is completed

42
Q

What is the Best Rate of Climb (VY??

A

The speed that delivers the greatest gain in altitude in
the shortest possible time.

43
Q

What is Best Angle of Climb (VX)

A

The speed that delivers the greatest gain of altitude in the shortest possible horizontal distance.

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