A1

Question 1

Drugs can have

Answer 1

1. affinity: ability to bind to receptor

2. efficacy: produce measurable response (0, + or -)

Question 2

True or false drugs that bind to receptor often resemble endogenous ligand

Answer 2

True

Question 3

name 4 qualities of receptors

Answer 3

1. ~high degree of drug/ligand specificity
2. bind only molecules w/ a unique 3D topography & chemistry
3. receptors don’t bind to closely related molecules
4. binding to multiple receptors accounts for the appearance of unwanted side effects

Question 4

low potency drugs are prone to what

Answer 4

bind to a range of receptors (unwanted side effects)

Question 5

Drug targets

Answer 5

Ion channels
Enzymes
Transporters & carriers
Receptors

Question 6

Drugs are studied via

Answer 6

Cell based systems (high put through screening)
In vitro: tissue sample
In vivo: animal

Question 7

Drug trial phases

Answer 7

Phase I: determines if drug is safe to check for efficacy
Phase II: test for efficacy (presumed not therapeutic)
Phase III: determine therapeutic effect
Phase IV: watch drugs long term effect (2yrs min)

Question 8

True or false therapeutic range should be v. large

Answer 8

True: Desire large margin between therapeutic & toxic effect

Question 9

Define 1. Latrogency 2. Tetraogency

Answer 9

1. Capacity to produce disease from side effects or inappropriate prescribing of drugs
2. Capacity to produce abnormalities of the unborn child or foetus