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BIOL 1334 > A&P1_HW01 > Flashcards

A&P1_HW01 Flashcards

1
Q

Which phrase best defines the term anatomy?

A

the study of the structure of the body or its parts

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2
Q

How is the organ system level different from the other levels of life?

A

An organ system is a group of multiple organs that work together to perform vital functions for the organism.

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3
Q

How is the organism level different from the other levels of life?

A

An organism is an individual living thing, such as a bacterium, fungus, protist, plant, or animal.

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4
Q

Classify the characteristics of living organisms.

A
  • Composed of one or more cells
  • Reproduce their own kind
  • Grow by adding more cells or enlarging cells
  • Use energy to maintain internal conditions
  • Respond to their environment
  • Have levels of internal organization
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5
Q

Metabolism

A

Any chemical reaction within the body

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6
Q

The pleural cavity is a part of which human body cavity?

A

thoracic cavity

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7
Q

Which organs are found in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen?

A

Decending colon and small intestine

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8
Q

The abdominopelvic regions are named based on what?

A

relative location to one another

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9
Q

Where is the right hypochondriac region located?

A

Top left corner of the image

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10
Q

What does the right hypochondriac region contain?

A

Gallbladder and part of the liver

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11
Q

What does the epigastric region contain?

A

Part of the liver, the pancreas, and part of the stomach

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12
Q

What does the left hypochondriac region contain?

A

Spleen and part of the stomach

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13
Q

What three sections are in the uppermost row in the abdominopelvic region?

A

Right hypochondriac, epigastric, left Hypochondriac

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14
Q

What three sections are in the middle row in the abdominopelvic region?

A

Right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar

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15
Q

Right lumbar region contains

A

Ascending portion of the colon

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16
Q

Umbilical region contains

A

Most of the small intestine

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17
Q

Left lumbar region contains

A

Descending colon

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18
Q

What three sections are in the bottom row in the abdominopelvic region?

A

right iliac (inguinal), hypogastric (pubic), and left iliac (inguinal) regions

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19
Q

Right iliac (inguinal) region contains

A

Cecum and the appendix

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20
Q

Hypogastric (pubic) region contains

A

Uninary bladder and rectum

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21
Q

Left iliac (inguinal) region contains

A

Sigmoid colon

22
Q

What is the correct anatomical position?

A

The body is erect and at rest with the face toward. The feet are slightly apart from one another with the toes pointing toward the front of the body, and the arms hang down slightly away from the sides. Palms face forward and thumbs point outward to either side.

23
Q

Which term means toward the body surface?

A

Superficial

24
Q

Which term means toward the midline or on the inner side of?

A

Medial

25
Q

Which term means farther from the point of attachment of a body part or farther from the body trunk?

A

Distal

26
Q

Which term means on the opposite side?

A

Contralateral

27
Q

Which term means before or toward the front of the body?

A

anterior

28
Q

Major body sections in the axial region

A

Head, trunk, neck

29
Q

Major body sections in the appendicular region

A

Left-arm, right-arm, left-leg, right-leg

30
Q

Frontal anatomical plane

A

Divides the body into anterior and posterior portions

31
Q

Sagittal anatomical plane

A

Divides the body into right and left portions

32
Q

Transverse anatomical plane

A

Divides the body into superior and inferior portions

33
Q

Describe the Integumentary system

A

Includes the skin and nails, which cover and protect the body from damage

34
Q

Describe the Skeletal system

A

Includes bones and cartilage, which support the body, allow movement, and produce bloodcells

35
Q

Describe the Digestive system

A

Includes the stomach, liver, small and large intestines, which break down food into molecules that the body can absorb and use

36
Q

Describe the Muscular system

A

includes the skeletal muscles and tendons, which allow the body to move an maintain posture

37
Q

Describe the Nervous system

A

Includes the brain spinal cord and peripheral nerves, which transmit signals through the body and control voluntary and involuntary actions

38
Q

Describe the Endocrine system

A

Includes the oituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, and adrenal glands, which produce and secrete hormones

39
Q

Describe the Urinary system

A

eliminates waste from the body and includes the kidneys and urinary bladder

40
Q

Describe the Male reproductive system

A

produces sex hormones and sperm and includes the testes, penis, and accessory glands and ducts

41
Q

Describe the Female reproductive system

A

produces sex hormones and oocytes and includes the ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina

42
Q

describe homeostasis.

A

maintenance of a dynamic state of equilibrium within the human body

43
Q

What is the meaning of threshold in a response pathway?

A

the minimum stimulus that will initiate a response

44
Q

Describe Internal environment

A

the fluid surrounding the body’s cells

45
Q

Describe External environment

A

the conditions surrounding an organism

46
Q

afferent pathway

A

One portion of a homeostatic feedback mechanism relays sensory information to the control center.

47
Q

efferent pathway

A

carries signals that exit the control center

48
Q

Negative feedback

A

process are slowed or stoped

49
Q

Positive feedback

A

process is amplified

50
Q

Negative feedback is the most common mechanism in the body for maintaining homeostasis. Why?

A

Feedback minimizes fluctuations in a regulated variable.

The effector response opposes the stimulus and then terminates

51
Q

Which fluid compartment contains the largest portion of the body’s water?

A

intracellular fluid

BIOL 1334 (12 decks)

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