Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOL 1334 > A&P1_HW03 > Flashcards

A&P1_HW03 Flashcards

1
Q

mitochondrion function

A

cellular respiration, ATP synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

rough ER function

A

membrane synthesis, protein modification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ribosomes function

A

protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

protein transport out of a cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

nucleus

A

storage of genetic information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which of the organelles have their own DNA separate from DNA contained in the nucleus?

A

mitochondria

chloroplasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name cell components with double membranes and DNA

A

nucleus, mitochondrion, chloroplast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name cell components with double membranes and no DNA

A

ER, Lysosome, vacuole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name a cell component with no membrane

A

ribosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the nucleolus?

A

a structure in the nucleus that transcribes and processes ribosomal RNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the nuclear envelope?

A

two lipid bilayers that separate the contents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define plasma membrane

A

one lipid bilayer that separates the intracellular space from the extracellular space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

2 descriptions of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

A
  • a membranous structure that surrounds the nucleus without attached ribosomes
  • an organelle that is responsible for the detoxification of drugs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Decribe the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

A
  • a membranous structure that surrounds the nucleus without attached ribosomes
  • an organelle that is responsible for the detoxification of drugs
  • It store calcium ions
  • major function is lipid synthesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

2 descriptions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

A
  • its surface that faces cytoplasm is studded with ribosomes

* A major function is the manufacture of protiens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which features are found on the surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

A

ribosomes

17
Q

Decribe lysosomes

A
  • Lysosomes are lipid spheres filled with digestive enzymes.
  • Lysosomes break down intruding bacteria and viruses.
  • Lysosomes occasionally break down healthy cells.
18
Q 
Nearly all eukaryotic cells contain a class of small, round organelles that contain oxidative enzymes. The enzymes break down organic substances via oxidation reactions.
What are these organelles called?
A

peroxisomes

19
Q

accurately describe mitochondrial cristae.

A

pockets of highly folded inner mitochondrial membrane

consist of membranes that synthesize ATP as a final step of aerobic respiratio

20
Q

Decribe the mitochondrion

A
  • contains unique DNA that is different from the cell’s nuclear DNA.
  • has an interior membrane with deep folds where ATP synthesis occurs.
21
Q

Decribe the ribosome

A
  • a molecular structure that is the site of synthesis

* a cellular structure that is composed of both RNA and protein

22
Q

What membrane bound orgenelle is involved with cellular secretion

A

Golgi apparatus

23
Q

How do the nucleus and ribosomes work together to generate a protein?

A

In the nucleus, DNA is transcribed to mRNA, which the ribosomes use as instructions to synthesize a specific protein.

24
Q

Which characteristics correctly describe the cytoskeleton?

A

provides support for the cell

assists in the movement of cells

25
Q

Which eukaryotic cell parts is found in the cytoplasm, provides structure and support to the cell, and is composed of interconnected protein fibers?

A

cytoskeleton

26
Q

Considering the structure of the plasma membrane, best explain why human cells do not dissolve in water?

A

The plasma membrane is composed of phospholipids, which have hydrophobic regions.

27
Q

Integral membrane proteins characterisitics

A
  • can extend through the cell membrane
  • can move laterally(sideways) in the hydrophobic part of the membrane
  • pump substances across the cell membrane
28
Q

Peripheral membrane proteins characterisitics

A

*found at the surface of the cell membrane

29
Q

describe the plasma membrane.

A

regulates transport of molecules into and out of the cell

creates a barrier between the inside and outside of the cell

30
Q

best describe the function of chromosomes?

A

enable more efficient packing and transport of genetic material in mitosis

31
Q

Why is a cap added to mRNA, but not to tRNA or rRNA?

A

Each of the three types of RNA are transcribed by different RNA polymerases. Only RNA polymerase II, involved in mRNA synthesis, contains a domain capable of interacting with enzymes that form the cap.

32
Q

What types of proteins does the carboxyl‑terminal domain (CTD) of RNA Polymerase II recruit to the pre‑mRNA?

A

capping enzymes

endonucleases

splicing machinery components

33
Q

describe rRNA.

A

ribonucleotides that assemble with proteins into three‑dimensional complexes on which polypeptide chains are produced

34
Q

What transformation occurs during translation

A

RNA–> Protein

35
Q

What transformation occurs during transcription

A

DNA –> RNA

36
Q

What transformation occurs during replication

A

DNA –> DNA

37
Q

Where does translation occur?

A

Ribosomes

38
Q

anticodon

A

tRNA series of three bases

BIOL 1334 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions