A&P Digestive Physiology

Question 1

mechanical digestion

Answer 1

mixing food in mouth by tongue, churning of food in stomach and segmentation

Question 2

segmentation

Answer 2

squeezing food along tract by moving it back and forth

Question 3

chemical digestion

Answer 3

large food molecules are broken down into their building blocks by enzymenes

Question 4

Carbohydrate foods are

Answer 4

monosaccharides

Question 5

monosaccharides =

Answer 5

simple sugars

Question 6

3 common carbohydrates

Answer 6

glucose, fructose and galactose

Question 7

glucose

Answer 7

most important, represents our blood sugar levels

Question 8

fructose

Answer 8

most abundant sugar in fruit

Question 9

galactose

Answer 9

found in milk

Question 10

Only carbohydrate our digestive system digests to simple sugars

Answer 10

sucrose, lactose, maltose and starch

Question 11

Sucrose, lactose and maltose =

Answer 11

disaccharides, or double sugars, because each consists of two simple sugars put together

Question 12

starch is a

Answer 12

polysaccharide = hundreds of glucose units

Question 13

nondigested polysaccharide are used as

Answer 13

fiber (bluk) to move foodstuff

Question 14

proteins

Answer 14

digested to amino acides

Question 15

intermediate products of protein digestion are

Answer 15

polypeptides and peptides

Question 16

digestion of lipids = 2 types of building blocks

Answer 16

fatty acids and alcohol (glycerol)

Question 17

Digestive activity is mostly controlled by:

Answer 17

reflexes via the parasympathetic division of the ANS (rest and digest)

Question 18

mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors

Answer 18

stimulated by stretch of an organ by food in the lumen, pH of contents, and presence of certain break down products of digestion

Question 19

Digestion begins

Answer 19

once food in the mouth

Question 20

Amylase

Answer 20

begins the chemical digestion of starches in the mouth

Question 21

Reflexes are brought about by

Answer 21

parasympathetic fibers of CN 7 and 9

Question 22

How much food absorbed in mouth?

Answer 22

None

Question 23

Pharynx and Esophagus have what digestive function

Answer 23

none

Question 24

Pharynx and esophagus act as…..

Answer 24

passageway to carry food to stomach

Question 25

Two phases of swallowing

Answer 25

buccal and pharyngeal-esophageal

Question 26

Vagus nerve

Answer 26

controls pharyngeal-esophagel phase of swallowing

Question 27

Cardioesophageal sphincter

Answer 27

pressure of food causes it to open, food go through

Question 28

Gastrin

Answer 28

hormone produced by stomach glands in response to food present and rising pH

Question 29

Pepsinogen

Answer 29

protein digesting enzyme released in response to gastrin

Question 30

Mucus and HCI

Answer 30

secreted along with Pepsinogen in response to Gastrin

Question 31

HCI makes the stomach contents

Answer 31

acidic

Question 32

Mucus

Answer 32

protects the stomach from ulcers

Question 33

Acidic environment

Answer 33

makes peopsinogen convert to pepsin

Question 34

Pepsin

Answer 34

active protein digesting enzyme

Question 35

rennin

Answer 35

protein digesting enzyme that breaks down milk protein (children, no adults)

Question 36

Absorption that takes place in stomach

Answer 36

none, other than aspirin

Question 37

retropulsion

Answer 37

sphincter closing valve and pushing food back into stomach

Question 38

in the SI food is

Answer 38

partially digested