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A&P > A&P CH4 > Flashcards

A&P CH4 Flashcards

1
Q

Def. squamous

A

flat structure

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2
Q

Def. cuboidal

A

cubic structure

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3
Q

Def. columnar

A

like a column - structure

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4
Q

Def. epithelial tissue

A

layers of cells, simple or stratified

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5
Q

Where is epithelial tissue located?

A

Covers internal and external surfaces

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6
Q

What connects epithelial tissue to underlying tissue?

A

Basement membrane (or basal layer)

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7
Q

Epithelial = vascular or avascular?

A

avascular

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8
Q

Functions of epithelial tissue? (4)

A
  1. Protection
  2. Sensory
  3. Permeability
  4. Produce secretions
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9
Q

2 types of secretions (and names)

A 
Endocrine = secreted within the body through ductless glands
Exocrine = secreted to outside of body through ducts
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10
Q

Where is basement membrane?

A

Between epidermis and dermis

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11
Q

Def. apocrine and where is it located?

A

gland that goes directly to surface of skin, armpit (sweat)

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12
Q

Primary function of merocrine glands?

A

To cool the skin

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13
Q

Sebaceous glands secrete what? Location? Function?

A

Secrete sebum (oily substance), located on scalp, functions: lubrication and protection, antibody protection

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14
Q

What is the erector pili?

A

Contracts and causes hair follicles to stand on end

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15
Q

3 type of connective tissue?

A
  1. Connective tissue proper (e.g. fat)
  2. Fluid connective tissue (e.g. blood)
  3. Supportive connective tissue (e.g. bone)
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16
Q

Functions of connective tissue? (3)

A
  1. Support/protection
  2. Transportation
  3. Defense
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17
Q

Def. connective tissue proper

A

underlies the skin, fatty tissue, and tendons/ligaments

18
Q

Def. fibroblasts

A

produce and maintain connective tissue fibers and ground substance

19
Q

Def. macrophages

A

“big eater” cells, engulf damaged cells or pathogens, and mobilize defenses

20
Q

Fat cells also called?

A

Adipocytes

21
Q

What are mast cells?

A

activate defensive capabilities, immune system

22
Q

3 connective tissue proper fibers?

A
  1. collagen fibers
  2. elastic fibers
  3. reticular fibers
23
Q

What is fluid connective tissue?

A

Blood and components of blood

24
Q

Name 3 plasma proteins

A
  1. Albumin (pressure regulation)
  2. Globulins
  3. Fibrinogen (clotting)
25
Q

What is supporting connective tissue?

A

Bones and cartilage

26
Q

Name 3 types of muscle tissue

A
  1. Skeletal
  2. Cardiac
  3. Smooth
27
Q

Other name for skeletal?

A

Striated, voluntary

28
Q

Skeletal tissue cells are?

A

Multinucleic

29
Q

What is skeletal tissue like?

A

Long, slender tissue (muscle fibers)

30
Q

Describe cardiac tissue

A

striated, involuntary

31
Q

Cells of cardiac tissue?

A

Mononucleic

32
Q

Name 2 cardiac cell types and describe them

A
  1. Contraction cells (provide contraction)

2. Pacemaker cells (provide electrical conduction of impulse)

33
Q

Name and describe 3 parasympathetic/sympathetic responses:

A
  1. Chronotropic (heart rate speed)
  2. Dromotropic (speed of electrical conduction through the heart)
  3. Inotropic (force of contraction through the heart)
34
Q

Structure of cardiac muscle, and purpose?

A

Intercollated discs, allows for simultaneous contraction of muscle fibers

35
Q

Where is smooth muscle tissue found?

A

Hollow organs (respiratory tract, urinary tract)

36
Q

Describe smooth muscle

A

Small, slender, nonstriated, involuntary

37
Q

Smooth muscle activated by?

A

Contractions caused by neural activity

38
Q

Neural tissue also known as? (2)

A

Nerve or nervous tissue

39
Q

Purpose of neural tissue?

A

To conduct electricity throughout body

40
Q

Neural tissue comprised of? (2) and describe

A
  1. Neurons (communicate electrical events)

2. Neuroglia (support, maintain, supply and defend neurons)

41
Q

Neural tissue is where?

A

Brain and spinal cord

A&P (10 decks)

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