A&P CH 1

Question 1

Anatomy vs physiology

Answer 1

Anatomy - internal and external structures

Physiology - how structures function

Question 2

Macroscopic vs microscopic

Answer 2

Macroscopic - gross, can be seen with the eyes

Microscopic - need help from technology to be seen

Question 3

Def - Histology

Cytology

Answer 3

Histology - study of tissues

Cytology - study of cells

Question 4

Six levels of organization (6)

Answer 4

1. Molecules
2. Cells
3. Tissues
4. Organs
5. Organ Systems
6. Organism

Question 5

Organ Systems (11) + functions

Answer 5

1. Integumentary
2. Skeletal
3. Muscular
4. Nervous
5. Endocrine
6. Cardiovascular
7. Lymphatic
8. Respiratory
9. Digestive
10. Urinary
11. Reproductive

Question 6

Which gland controls other glands?

Answer 6

Pituatary

Question 7

Def. - respiration vs. ventilation

Answer 7

Respiration is at a cellular level, ventilation is the process of breathing in and out

Question 8

Def homeostasis

Answer 8

balance, equilibrium

Question 9

Homeostasis components (3)

Answer 9

receptor, control center, and an effector

Question 10

Positive vs. negative feedback loop

Answer 10

Positive - body responding to reinforce a stimulus (e.g. clotting)
Negative - body responding to counteract a stimulus (e.g. sweating)

Question 11

Supine vs. prone

Answer 11

Supine (on back) vs. prone (on stomach)

Question 12

Ventral vs. dorsal

Answer 12

Ventral (belly side) vs. dorsal (the back)

Question 13

Anterior vs posterior

Answer 13

Anterior (front) vs posterior (back)

Question 14

Cranial refers to…

Answer 14

The head

Question 15

Superior vs. inferior

Answer 15

Superior (above, at higher level) vs. inferior (below, at lower level)

Question 16

Def caudal

Answer 16

The coccyx

Question 17

Lateral vs. medial

Answer 17

Lateral (away from center) vs. medial (towards the center)

Question 18

Proximal vs. distal

Answer 18

Proximal (toward an attached base) vs. distal (away from attached base)

Question 19

What separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities?

Answer 19

Diaphragm

Question 20

Def hiatal opening

Answer 20

Opening in diaphragm for vessels and espohagus

Question 21

Def. sagittal plane

Answer 21

Divides into left and right planes

Question 22

Def. transverse plane (and other term for it)

Answer 22

Divides into upper and lower halves (other term = cross-sectional)

Question 23

Def. frontal plane (and other term for it)

Answer 23

Divides into anterior and posterior (other term = coronal)

Question 24

Def. viscera

Answer 24

Serous layers that protect organs

Question 25

Visceral vs. parietal

Answer 25

Visceral = lines organs, parietal = lines walls of cavity

Question 26

What does pericardial cavity contain?

Answer 26

Heart

Question 27

Def. pericardium

Answer 27

Sac around the heart

Question 28

Def. peritoneal cavity

Answer 28

Another term for abdominal cavity

Question 29

Pneumo risks becoming…?

Answer 29

Pneumo can become tension pneumo, which in turn can become cardiac tamponade

Question 30

Skeletal system - 2 sections

Answer 30

Axial (head and spine), appendicular (everything else)