A&P CH 1 Flashcards
Anatomy vs physiology
Anatomy - internal and external structures
Physiology - how structures function
Macroscopic vs microscopic
Macroscopic - gross, can be seen with the eyes
Microscopic - need help from technology to be seen
Def - Histology
Cytology
Histology - study of tissues
Cytology - study of cells
Six levels of organization (6)
- Molecules
- Cells
- Tissues
- Organs
- Organ Systems
- Organism
Organ Systems (11) + functions
- Integumentary
- Skeletal
- Muscular
- Nervous
- Endocrine
- Cardiovascular
- Lymphatic
- Respiratory
- Digestive
- Urinary
- Reproductive
Which gland controls other glands?
Pituatary
Def. - respiration vs. ventilation
Respiration is at a cellular level, ventilation is the process of breathing in and out
Def homeostasis
balance, equilibrium
Homeostasis components (3)
receptor, control center, and an effector
Positive vs. negative feedback loop
Positive - body responding to reinforce a stimulus (e.g. clotting)
Negative - body responding to counteract a stimulus (e.g. sweating)
Supine vs. prone
Supine (on back) vs. prone (on stomach)
Ventral vs. dorsal
Ventral (belly side) vs. dorsal (the back)
Anterior vs posterior
Anterior (front) vs posterior (back)
Cranial refers to…
The head
Superior vs. inferior
Superior (above, at higher level) vs. inferior (below, at lower level)
Def caudal
The coccyx
Lateral vs. medial
Lateral (away from center) vs. medial (towards the center)
Proximal vs. distal
Proximal (toward an attached base) vs. distal (away from attached base)
What separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities?
Diaphragm
Def hiatal opening
Opening in diaphragm for vessels and espohagus
Def. sagittal plane
Divides into left and right planes
Def. transverse plane (and other term for it)
Divides into upper and lower halves (other term = cross-sectional)
Def. frontal plane (and other term for it)
Divides into anterior and posterior (other term = coronal)
Def. viscera
Serous layers that protect organs
