A&P 2 Unit 19 (Lab) [Blood] Flashcards
Describe blood as a connective tissue.
Formed elements are suspended in the fluid plasma.
List the 3 classes of formed elements present in blood, and state where they originate.
- Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells; RBCs)
- Leukocytes (White Blood Cells; WBCs)
- Thrombocytes (Platelets)
All originate from Red Bone Marrow.
Compare the relative abundance of blood cell types in the blood.
- RBCs- Most abundant
- WBCs- Relatively few
- Platelets- Relatively fewe
Describe the role of hemoglobin in erythrocytes function.
- Transports oxygen
- Hemoglobin has a reversible binding with oxygen
Observe and describe the physical appearance of RBCs in a peripheral blood smear.
- Big
- Rounded
- Disc-shaped
- Indented
- Biconcave Disc
Observe and describe the physical appearance of platelets in a peripheral blood smear.
- Smallest
- Scattered
- Less than RBCs
State the overall function of leukocytes in the body.
Play a role in the Immune System.
Name the 5 types of WBCs
- Neutrophils
- Lymphocytes
- Monocytes
- Eosinophils
- Basophil
Which WBCs are Agranulocytes?
- Lymphocytes
- Monocytes
Which WBCs are Granulocytes?
- Neutrophils
- Eosinophils
- Basophils
State the relative abundance of each type of WBC in blood.
- Neutrophils
- Lymphocytes
- Monocytes
- Eosinophils
- Basophils
Neutrophil
Monocyte
Basophil
Lymphocyte
Eosinophil
Discuss RBC surface antigens that are relevant to the ABO and Rh blood groups.
- ABO Group
- A antigen
- B antigen
- Rh Group
- Rh antigen
*Antigens present in Type A
Anti- B antibodies
*Antigens present in Type B
Anti- A antibodies
*Antigens present in Type AB
No antibodies
*Antigens present in Type O
Both Anti- A and Anti- B antibodies
*Blood Typing
Blood samples are mixed with antisera (Anti-A, Anti-B, or Anti-D)
*Agglutination
Occurs when the antibodies bind the corresponding RBC surface antigen. No agglutination means the antibodies did not detect the RBC surface antigen.
*Transfusion Reaction
Antibodies in the recipient’s plasma agglutinate donor RBCs leading to hemolysis.
*Describe when an Rh negative individual will produce anti-Rh antibodies.
- Persons with Rh negative blood do not have pre-formed antibodies against Rh factor. However, an Rh negative individiual will make anti-Rh antibodies if ever exposed to Rh positive blood.
- Clinically, we must assume that the Rh negative person may have been exposed to Rh positive blood at some point.
- Rh positive donor blood should never be given to an Rh negative recipient
*Describe the etiology of hemolytic disease of the newborn.
Rh imcompatibility- between Rh negative mother and Rh positive fetus- is the cause of hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)
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