A&P 2 Lab Exam 1 Flashcards
Gland
A group of cells that give off or secrete chemicals
Hormone
Chemical Messengers
Master Gland
Controls the functions of many of the other endocrine glands, also known as pituitary gland
Gland that controls the amount of calcium in the blood
Parathyroid
Gland that affects sleep patterns
Pineal Glands
Leukocytes
Also known as white blood cells, plays a role in counteracting foreign substances that come into the body
Plasma
The clear, yellowish, fluid part of the blood that carries the blood cells. It is made up of 92% water, 7% proteins, and 1% of other solutes.
Agglutination
The clumping of small particles suspended in a solution
Universal Blood Donor
People that have an O negative and AB+ blood type, can be used for any transfusion
Universal Blood Recipient
People that have an O negative and AB+ blood type
Histamine
Chemical messenger released by basal fluids to increase inflammation
Anti-bodies
A blood protein produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen
Red blood cells
Made in bone marrow, carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body
Platelets
Tiny, disc shaped piece of cell that is found in the blood and spleen. They help form blood clots to slow or stop bleeding and to help heal wounds.
What is the percent of whole blood in plasma
46% to 63% of whole blood
How do red blood cells and fibrin work together?
Helps with clotting of blood during wound healing.
Pus
Made up of dead white blood cells
What are the three main phases of Hemostasis
Vascular, Platelet, aggulation.
Aorta
Biggest artery in the body, carries blood from the heart to the circulatory system.
Heart valves and the locations of them
tricuspid valve (located between the right atrium and the right ventricle), Pulmonary valve (located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery), mitral valve (located between the left atrium and the left ventricle), aortic value (located between the left ventricle and the aorta).
Function of arteries
Play a crucial role in distributing oxygen, nutrients and hormones throughout the body.
Function of veins
Collects oxygen-poor blood and returns it to the heart
Where is oxygen and nutrient exchanged within the body’s tissues?
Capillaries
Circulation of heart
Blood comes into the right atrium from the body, moves into the right ventricle and is pushed into the pulmonary arteries in the lungs. After picking up oxygen, the blood travels back to the heart through the pulmonary veins into the left atrium, to the left ventricle and out to the body’s tissues through the aorta.
Hypoglycemia symptoms
Pale, sweating, headache, fatigue,
Hyperglycemia symptoms
Increased thirst, dry mouth, needing to urinate frequently, tiredness
Hyperthyroidism
nervousness, mood swings, difficulty sleeping, feeling tired all the time
Hypothyroidism
tiredness, weight gain, constipation, depression
Type 1 diabetes
once called insulin dependent or juvenile diabetes, usually a genetic condition that shows up early in life. In type 1, the immune system is attacking and destroying insulin producing cells in the pancreas. Insulin shots or wearing an insulin pump is a treatment for this.
Type 2 diabetes
An impairment in the way the body regulates and uses sugar (glucose) as a fuel. Ways to treat it is to eat healthy foods, getting active, losing weight, and avoiding inactivity for long periods.
Atrial fibrillation
An irregular and often very rapid heart rhythm that can lead to blood clots in the heart. Symptoms include chest pain, dizziness, and fatigue.
Bradycardia
Slow heartrate
Tachycardia
abnormal fast heart rate
Tetralogy of Fallot
A congenital heart condition involving four abnormalities occurring together, including a defective septum between the ventricles and narrowing of the pulmonary artery, and accompanied by cyanosis.
Atrial Septal Defect
A birth defect of the heart in which there is a hole in the wall (septum) that divides the upper chambers (atria) of the heart. Symptoms include shortness of breath, fatigue, irregular heartbeats.
Coronary Artery Disease
Caused by plaque buildup in the wall of the arteries that supply blood to the heart. Symptoms include shortness of breath, chest pain, feeling tired.
Three types of heart inflammation
Endocarditis, pericarditis, and myocarditis
