9.9- hypertension Flashcards
What % of canadians have hypertensives
20%
what is considered th normal systolic/diastolic BP
<130, <85
What is the clinical symptoms of hypertenson
-blurred vision
-heart disease
-stroke
-peripheral vascular disease
-kidney failure
etc
what is BP made up of
Cardiac contraction force + peripheral vascular resistance
What makes up cardiac contraction force
- left ventricular pressure increased
- horomones (mineralocorticoids)
- Fluid load increased
What makes up perpheral vascular resistence
- sympathetic nervous system
2. hormones- angiotensin, catecholamines
causation theories of hypertension (2)
- prolonged high stess( arterial walls thicken- arteriosclerosis)
- Sodium intake too high
tests in systolic hypertension (thyrotoxicosis, aortic valve disease, anaemia, polycythaemia_
thyrotoxicosis- TSH
aortic valve disease- scan
Anaemia- CBC
Polycytharmemia- CBC
What has a sig role in essential hypertension
Obesity and excessive alcohol consumption
Systolic and diastolic hypertension secondary causes
kidney artery stenosis drugs (oral contraceptives) Endocrine (cushings, conns) Toxaemia Central nervous system coarctation of aorta
When should you look for secondary causes of HT
onset before 20/over 50 end organ damage is present pain in side episodic ht cushings
what is eclampsia
Assoctiate w hypertension (arteries in placenta are unually narrow so need high BP to keep the rate of blood flow normal)
hypertension effects (4)
- cardiovascular disease
- peripheral vascular disease
- cardiac failure
- kidney failure
What do thiazides do
Na loss, K retained
What does furosemide do
K loss
