9.8- hypertension Flashcards
current lipid tests and age it should be done (4)
Serum cholesterol
HDL
LDL
TG
> 20 every 5 years
how to perform a lipid profile
must be fasting for 12hrs before the test
no alc
what increases/decreases LDL cholesterols
LDL increased by anabolic steroids, asprin
LDL decreased by oestrogens
When does C reactive pro increase and ex
Produced in response to inflammation (arthritis, IBD, inf, autoimmune)
When does high sensitivity CRP increase
increases in low grade vascular inflammation, atheromatous, plaque rupture
When does Troponin I or T increase
In myocardial infarction
What does high lvls of homocysteine lead to and what can bring it down
oxidizes LDL: have more infarcts
folic acid and B12 in diet brings levels to healthy range
what do high lvls of Lipopro A lead to
associated w cardiovascular disease
interferes w plasminogen
what inf has been linked to cardiobascilar infarctions
chlamydia pneumonae
What is APO A and what does measuring it show
Activated enzymes that move cholesterol from tissues into HDL
(can be used to measure HDL)
What does APO b48 do and what does measuring it indicate
part of chylomicrons and transports lipids to lover to combine w apob100 to make VLDL
(indicator of CAD risk)
What is the most important risk factor of ischemic heart disease
LDL`
if LDL increased what should u do
strict diet for 3-5m
consider use of statins
Tests for atherosclerosis
Serum cholesterol serum HDL Serum LDL Serum TG Serum Apo B urinalysis
Ischemic heart disease tests
serum cholesterol
serum HDL
serum LDL
serum hsCRP
what likely results would u see in lipid/lipopro diseases (3)
hypercholesterolaemia
hyper tryglyceridemia
Both increased w fasting
What are the two primary causes of hypercholesteromlemias
familial combined hyperlipedimia
familial hyperlipdemia
findings in familial combined hyperlipedimia
Cholesterol + trigluceride (LDL+VLDL increased)
Findings in familial hyperlipidemia
cholersterol increased
LDL receptor lacking
what are the 3 hypertriglyeridemias
Familial combined hyperltrygelremia
familial endogenous hypertriglyceridemia
hypercholyomicronemia
Findings in familial endogenous hypertriglyceridemiaa
liver overproduces lipids (inherited disease
pink blood
Findings in familial comboned hypertrylgeredemia
Serum VLDL incrreased
Findings in hypercholomicronemia
Decreased LPL
Decreased insulin
What is found in mixed hyperlipedemias (4) (familial combined)
Increased cholesterol
increased TG
Elevated LDL
elevated VLDL
(look for corneal aarcus)
