9.1.2 Prostate

Question 1

cause of acute prostatitis

Answer 1

cathertisation (pushes bacteria up urthera, no urine to wash it out)

Question 2

main pathogens causing acute and chronic prostatitis

Answer 2

e coli
staph
neiserria gonorrhoea
c. trichomatis

Question 3

presentation of acute prostatitis

Answer 3

malaise, rigors, fever
difficulty passing urine
dysuria
perineal tenderness

Question 4

DRE of acute prostatitis

Answer 4

soft, tender enlarged

Question 5

cause of chronic prostatitis

Answer 5

infection not fully resolved

Question 6

presentation of chronic prostatitis

Answer 6

can be asymptomatic, no preceding acute phase

Question 7

diagnosis of chronic prostatitis

Answer 7

histology: neutrophils, plasma cells, lymphocytes
prostatic secretion positive culture

Question 8

most common type of prostatitis

Answer 8

chronic non bacterial

Question 9

histology of chronic non bacterial prostatitis

Answer 9

fibrosis

Question 10

likely cause of BPH

Answer 10

increased 5 alpha reductase so more testosterone converted to dihydrotestosterone which is powerful

Question 11

presentation of BPH

Answer 11

difficulty starting to wee
poor stream
dribbling after
frequency
nocturia

Question 12

DRE of BPH

Answer 12

firm, smooth, rubbery

Question 13

presentation of untreated BPH

Answer 13

acute urinary retention
distended tender bladder
desperate urine urge

OR

painless retention
overflow incontinence

Question 14

would untreated BPH cause AKI or CKD?

Answer 14

CKD

Question 15

BPH treatment

Answer 15

-short term catheter
-alpha blockers- relax IUS
-5a reductase inhibitor- stops more dihydrotestosterone
-surgical resection of prostate