10.2 UTIs Flashcards
normal features of urinary tract to maintain sterility
-empty bladder during micturtion
-vesico-ureteral valves for 1 way flow out
-mucosal barriers
-urine acidity
why is E Coli most common cause of UTIs?
flagella-movement
pili-attachement
capsular polysaccharide- colonisation
haemolysin, toxins-damage host membranes, renal damage
other causes of dysuria
-STI
-post sex
-irritants
-menopause, atrophic vaginits, vaginal atrophy
do we need urine culture for woman non-pregnant ?
no, likely UTI if symptoms
why use urine dipstick?
if present with only one symptom, aids diagnosis
staphylococcus saprophyticus urine dipstick result
negative nitrites, positive leukocytes
when do we image urinary tract
-children with UTI
-identify renal involvement
why don’t we use nitrofurantoin for pylonephritis/septicaemia?
no systemic activity (needs broad spectrum)
