7.2 Glomerulonephritis Flashcards
look at histology slides
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why can RBCs leak out
natural filtration barrier damaged
simply, what is nephritic syndrome?
inflammation disrupting glomerular basement membrane
simply, what is nephrotic syndrome?
podocyte damage leading to glomerular barrier disruption
how does proteinuria cause oedema in nephrotic syndrome?
loss of proteins means less albumin in blood, oncotic pressure of capillaries decreases
cant draw water from interstitium to circulation
fluid pools in extremities
triad of nephrotic syndrome
massive proteinuria
hypoalbuminaemia
oedema
(high cholesterol)
how to test for massive proteinuria
urinalysis
process of diabetic nephropathy
excess blood glucose binds proteins, esp at E arteriole
causes hyaline atherosclerosis, thick so cant respond to changes in BP
obstructs blood flow
initially increase GFR
mesangial cells secrete more matrix over time soBM thickens
GFR decrease
treatment of diabetic nephropathy
-glycaemic control
-ACEi/ ARB
-lower bp
light microscope changes in minimal change disease
none (need e- microscope)
why is there protein loss in minimal change disease?
glomerular capillaries have fuse foot processes so don’t form good filtration barrier
treatment of membranous glomerulonephritis
steroids, immunosuppressant, treat underlying cause
primary FSGS cause
idiopathic
secondary FSGS cause
-sickle cell
-HIV
-heroin
-kidney hypo perfusion
how does FSGS cause kidney sclerosis?
protein build up in glomerulars, hyalinosis, sclerosis with scarring and loss of functional filtration
