9- Seed Plants

Question 1

Evolutionary advances of seed plants?

Answer 1

Reproduction free from water, reduction of gametophyte, pollen, formation of seeds

Question 2

Gymnosperms are called naked why?

Answer 2

They don’t have fruit

Question 3

Describe 2 types of cones

Answer 3

2 types of cones are cones or scales

Question 4

Type of cells found in vascular system

Answer 4

Have xylem and phloem

Question 5

How is vascular tissue formed?

Answer 5

Vascular tissue is formed by the vascular cambium

Question 6

Life cycle of the gymnosperms

Answer 6

Mature sporophyte had male and female cones, a seed cone and a pollen cone. Pollen grains make way to the female gametophyte and form a pollen tube to get to the egg cells and fertilize it. The seed become an embryo (2N) and that is surrounded by a seed coat then the seed germinates

Question 7

Xylem in gymnosperms

Answer 7

Has teachers cells that are pierced by openings and connect neighbouring cells to one another

Question 8

How does pollen and fertilization occur in gymnosperms?

Answer 8

Sperm is released from male cone and by wind manages to fertilize the egg within the female cone.

Question 9

Adaptations to allow reproduction without water

Answer 9

Cones or flowers, transfer of sperm by pollination, protection of embryos in seed

Question 10

Silviculture

Answer 10

The practice of controlling the growth of trees

Question 11

Explain tree rings

Answer 11

When growth begins in the spring the capsular cambium begins to grow rapidly, producing large light coloured xylem cells with thin cell walls. We the growing season continues the cells become smaller and have thicker cell walls forming a layer of dark wood.

Question 12

Meristematic tissue

Answer 12

Only plant tissue that produces new cells by mitosis

Question 13

Apical meristem

Answer 13

At the tip of each growing stem and root, increases length

Question 14

Cork cambium

Answer 14

Produced outer waterproof covering, increases thickness

Question 15

Pericycle

Answer 15

Produced in roots for storage and increases thickness

Question 16

How are angiosperms and gymnosperms different?

Answer 16

Angiosperms have fruit

Question 17

Why are angiosperms considered so successful?

Answer 17

More effective vascular tissue, have flowers, double fertilization, vector pollination, and seeds inside fruit

Question 18

Coevolution between angiosperms and insects

Answer 18

Insects have to be able to get nectar and so they have to be a certain shape and size do to so

Question 19

How do flowering plants rely on animals?

Answer 19

Flowering plants depend on animals to eat their fruit and spread the seeds all over the place by excreting them

Question 20

Seed dispersal methods

Answer 20

Wind: there are winged seeds and parachutes
Animals: hitch hikers, take away, or juicy fruits
Self dispersal: pepper pots or explorers

Question 21

Root tip

Answer 21

Vascular cylinder, zone of maturation, zone of elongation, and root cap

Question 22

2 types of vascular tissue in angiosperms

Answer 22

Xylem and phloem. Xylem had tracheid cells and vessel element that are wider than tracheids.

Question 23

Transpiration

Answer 23

Loss of water by a plant through its leaves

Question 24

What are stomata?

Answer 24

Pore opening that are on the underside of the leaves. They allow carbon dioxide and oxygen to diffuse in and out of the leaf. When water pressure is high the outer walls go into a curved shape. When it’s lower they close

Question 25

Various parts of a flower

Answer 25

Sepals
Petals
Stamens: anther, filament
Carpels: ovary, style, stigma, ovule

Question 26

Monocots root

Answer 26

Circle (ring) have pith

Question 27

Diocot root

Answer 27

X shaped xylem

Question 28

Monocot stem

Answer 28

Scattered throughout

Question 29

Diocot stem

Answer 29

Vascular bundled in ring

Question 30

Monocots

Answer 30

Groups of 3's
Fibourous roots
Parallel veins
Stem: scattered
Root: ring

Question 31

Diocot

Answer 31

Groups of 4's or 5's 
Taplike roots
Branching veins
Stem: ring
Roots: x-shaped