10-Animalia Flashcards
Phylum Porifera
Characteristics
Asymmetrical
Sessile
Have collar cells that produce water current
Amebocytes digest food
Phylum Porifera
Classes
Class calcarea - calcareous sponges
Class Hecactinellida- glass sponges
Class Demospongiae- skeleton of siliceous spicules
Phylum Porifera
How do they obtain nutrients
Filter feed
Phylum Porifera
Reproduction
Reproduce asexually by budding
Phylum Cnideria
2 basic body plans
Symmetry
Medusa, and sessile polyp
Radial symmetry
Phylum Cnideria
Feeding
Can use oral arms to put food I mouth and break it down in gastrovascular cavity
Phylum Cnideria
Nervous system
Have none
Phylum Cnideria
Reproduction
Reproduce asexually by budding
Medusa reproduce sexually with gonads
Phylum Platyhelminthes
What type of symmetry
Bilateral with cephalization
Cnidaria
Classes
Class schyphozoa: true jellies
Class Anthozoa: sea anemones
Class Hydrozoa: polyp is dominant, medusa for reproduction
Phylum Ctenophora: comb jellies, bioluminescent
Phylum Platyhelminthes
What can parasitic versions grow?
Scolex with sucker and hooks
Phylum Platyhelminthes
Classes
Class Turbellaria: free living
Class Trematoda: parasitic, flukes have suckers
Class Cestoda: tape worns, have scolex
Phylum Nematoda
Characteristics
Round worms, bilateral symmetry, cephalization, two digestive openings, pseudocoelom
Phylum Nematoda
Functions of cuticle
Protects them, use for diffusion
Phylum Nematoda
Notable worms
Trichinosis: causes the disease Trichinella, humans can get it from raw pork
Filarial Worms: cause various diseases including heart worm and Elephantiatis
Ascaris: is large roundworm of humans
Phylum Annelida
Characteristics
Segmented worms, bilateral symmetry, have cuticle they use for respiration, true coelom, closed circulatory system
Phylum Annelida
Muscles
Longitudinal and circular, use setae
Phylum Annelida
Primitive kidney
Nephridia
Phylum Annelida
Classes
Class oligochaeta-terrestrial and fresh water
Class Polychaeta- many bristles
Class Hirudinea-leeches, external parasites
Phylum Molluska
Characteristics
Have foot that is used for locomotion, anus, have radula, open circulatory system
Phylum Mollusks
Functions of mantle
Can be used for breathing
Phylum Mollusca
What is radula?
Rasping tougne
Phylum Mollusca
Classes
Class Polyblah blah blah-chitons, shell in eight dorsal parts
Class Gastropoda- includes snails, have radula, two tentacles, do torsion, and have radula
Class Bivalvia- Two valves or halves, missing head, radula, and tentacles. Filter feeders
Class Cephalopoda- shell is inside, jet propulsion, closed circulatory, smartest and fastest
Phylum Echinodermata
Characteristics
5 sided symmetry Internal skeleton Water vascular system Tube feet Spiny-skinned
Phylum Echinodermata
Carnivores- use tube feet to open shells
Herbivores- use jaws to scrape and chew algae
Filter feeders- use gills to capture plankton
Phylum Arthropoda
Characteristics of this phylum
Jointed parts
External skeleton made from chitin
Series of jointed appendages
Segmented bodies
Class insecta
Why are insects so successful?
Have wings, live on land, reproduce crazily, and coevolution with plants
Class insecta
Differences between compound and simple eyes
Compound eyes are multiple lenses
Simple eyes can only tell darkness or lightness
Class insecta
How can gasses enter/leave the insect body?
Gills, book fills, or tracheal tubes
Class insecta
Malpighian tubes
Remove nitrogen waste
Class insecta
Tympanum
Hearing organ
Phylum Chordata
Characteristics
Have a notochord
Hollow dorsal nerve chord
Pharyngeal slits
Subphylum Vertebrae
Have vertebral columns, endoskeleton, distinct head with skull and brain
Class Myxini
Jawless fish
Class Cephalaspidomorphi
Jawless fish
Class Chondrichthyes
Sharks and relatives (cartilaginous)
Class Osteichthyes
Bony fish
Evolutionary innovations of fish
Jaws Paired fins Gil filaments Two chambered hesrt Kidneys Ovoviviparous
Class amphibia
Aquatic as larvae and terrestrial as adults Breathe with lungs Ecothermic Oviparous Strong limb bones Ears with membrane Three chambered hewrt External fertilization
Class reptilia
Vertebrates with lungs Ecothermic Amniotic eggs Efficient lungs Nitrogenous waste excreted as uric acid Larger stronger limbs Internal fertilization
Class aves
Covering of feathers Beaks Wings Posterior air sacs Four chambered hesrt Well developed brain and eyes Maternal care Endothermic
Class mammalia
Endothermic Fur or hair Subcutaneous fat Mammary glands Endothermic Viviparous Complex brain
Three groups of mammals
Monotremes-lay eggs
Marsupials- young develop in uterus but are born at early stage of development
Placental- young developed in uterus and nourished through placenta
