9. Schools, Mentors, Media: Connections with Society Flashcards
cooperative learning
A teaching technique in which small groups of students work together.
desensitization
Classical conditioning therapy used to over- come phobias and fears through exposure to increasingly intense versions of the feared stimulus; the process by which people show diminished emotional reaction to a repeated stimulus or event.
latchkey children
Youngsters who must let themselves into their homes after school because their parents are working outside the home.
magic window thinking
The tendency of very young children to believe that television images are as real as real-life people and objects.
natural mentors
Individuals beyond the nuclear family such as extended family members, family friends, neighbors, teachers, coaches, after-school program staff, and religious group leaders who provide support and guidance to children and youth.
open classroom
A relatively unstructured organization in which different areas of the room are devoted to particular activities and children work either alone or in small groups under the teacher’s supervision.
peer tutoring
A method of instruction in which an older, more experienced student tutors a younger, less experienced child.
pygmalion effect
A phenomenon in which teachers’ expectations that students will do well are realized.
self-fulfilling prophecy
Positive or negative expectations that affect a person’s behavior in a manner that he or she (unknowingly) creates situations in which those expectations are fulfilled.
stage-environment fit
The degree to which the environment supports a child’s developmental needs.
