6. Self and Other: Getting to Know Me, Getting to Know You

Question 1

babbling

Answer 1

An infant’s production of strings of consonant–vowel combinations.

Question 2

collective self

Answer 2

A person’s concept of self within a group, such as a group based on race or gender.

Question 3

cooing

Answer 3

A very young infant’s production of vowel-like sounds.

Question 4

ethnic identity

Answer 4

Recognition of being a member of a particular race or ethnic group.

Question 5

holophrase

Answer 5

A single word that appears to represent a complete thought.

Question 6

identity

Answer 6

The definition of oneself as a discrete, separate entity.

Question 7

individual self

Answer 7

Aspects of the self that make a person unique and separate from others.

Question 8

phonemes

Answer 8

The smallest sound units that affect meaning in a language.

Question 9

pragmatics

Answer 9

A set of rules that specify appropriate language for particular social contexts.

Question 10

prejudice

Answer 10

A set of attitudes by which an individual defines all members of a group negatively.

Question 11

relational self

Answer 11

Aspects of the self that involve connections to other people and develop out of interactions with others.

Question 12

religious identity

Answer 12

Recognition that religion is an important aspect of one’s self-definition.

Question 13

script

Answer 13

A mental representation of an event or situation of daily life including the order in which things are expected to happen and how one should behave in that event or situation.

Question 14

self-esteem

Answer 14

The evaluative component of self that taps how positively or negatively people view themselves in relation to others.

Question 15

semantics

Answer 15

The meanings of words and word combinations.

Question 16

stereotype

Answer 16

A general label applied to individuals based solely on their membership in a racial, ethnic, or religious group, without appreciation that individuals within the group vary.

Question 17

stereotype consciousness

Answer 17

The knowledge that other people have beliefs based on ethnic stereotypes.

Question 18

syntax

Answer 18

The part of grammar that prescribes how words may

combine into phrases, clauses, and sentences.

Question 19

telegraphic speech

Answer 19

Two-word or three-word utterances that include only the words essential to convey the speaker’s intent.

Question 20

theory of mind

Answer 20

Children’s understanding that people have mental states such as thoughts, beliefs, and desires that affect their behavior. It allows children to get beyond people’s observable actions and appearances and respond to their unseen states.