9: Nutrition Flashcards
_____ a process of obtaining nutrients through food and/or food products to support energy requirements and cellular processes, including growth, repair and maintenance of tissues, reproduction, digestive processes, and respiration
Nutrition
What is a CND?
Certified Dietitian Nutritionist: state certified dietitian/nutritionist
Define Scope of Practice
actions that a professional is permitted to undertake in keeping with the terms of their license or certification
List some types of Nutrition Credentials
- RD/RDN= Registered Dietitian (Nutritionist)
- Certified Nutritionist
- CISSN= Certified in Sports Nutrition by Int’l Soc. of Sports Nutrition
- CNS= Certified Nutrition Specialist by Board for Cert. of Nutrition Specialists
- CND/LND= Certified(Licensed) Dietitian/Nutritionist
Describe a Nutrition Claim
Claim that a food has a specific nutritional property or provides a specific benefit
_____ food substances required in large amounts to supply energy; include protein, carbohydrate, and fat
Macronutrients
_____ vitamins, minerals, and phytonutrients. These are nonenergy yielding nutrients that have important regulatory functions in metabolic pathways
Micronutrients
_____ group of organic compounds required in small quantities in the diet to support growth and metabolic processes
Vitamins
_____ inorganic, natural substances, some of which are essential in human nutrition. There are two kinds of ___: major (aka ___) and trace
Minerals (aka macrominerals)
_____ Amino Acid linked by peptide bonds; the building blocks of body tissues
Protein
_____ _____ organic building blocks of proteins containing both a carboxyl and an amino group
Amino Acids
Define a Peptide Bond
A chemical bond that connects two amino acids
_____ _____ _____ Amino acid that must be obtained through the diet as the body does not make it; there are nine ___ ___ ___
Essential Amino Acid (EAA)
Name the Nine EAAs and the 3 Conditionally EAAs
EAAs:
- Leucine^ - Isoleucine^ - Valine^
- Methionine - Phenylalanine - Threonine
- Tryptophan - Lysine - Histidine*
(^Branched Chain AA)
Conditionally EAAs:
- Histidine* - Arginine*
- Glutamine*
_____ intermediate forms of nutrients used in metabolic reactions to create adenosine triphosphate
Substrates
_____ _____ a process in which the body breaks down existing proteins and recycles the component amino acids for incorporation into new proteins or other nitrogen-containing compounds
Protein turnover
Define a Complete Protein
Protein source that provides all essential amino acids
Define an Incomplete Protein
Protein that lacks one or more of the amino acids required to build cells
List examples of Complete Proteins
Animal Sources:
- Meat - Poultry - Seafood
- Eggs - Dairy
Nonanimal Sources:
- Soy
- Hemp
List examples of Incomplete Proteins
Legumes:
- Beans - Nuts - Seeds
- Lentils - Peas
Vegetable Proteins:
- Spinach - Bok Choy - Brussel Sprouts
- Broccoli - Asparagus - Collard Greens
- Avocado
Grains:
- Millet - Amaranth - Quinoa
- Rice - Couscous - Oatmeal
- Buckwheat
Describe an Omnivorous diet
Diet that consists of both animals and plants
_____ _____ Combination of two incomplete protein sources that together provide all of the essential amino acids
Mutual Supplementation
_____ _____ Refers to the amino acid profile and the digestibility of a protein source
Define Protein Quality
_____ _____ _____ _____ are foods missing one or more of the essential amino acids
Low biological value (LBV) Proteins
_____ _____ _____ _____ are foods containing all of the essential amino acids
High biological value (HBV) Proteins
